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Carboxylic Acids

Carboxylic Acids. By: Courtney and Amelie. www.bhmpics.com www.ansi.okstate.edu www.live-live.com en.wikipedia.org. General Formula and Structure. The general formula for a carboxylic acid is: Cn H2n+1 COOH or R C OH the R variable representing the first part of the name.

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Carboxylic Acids

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  1. Carboxylic Acids By: Courtney and Amelie www.bhmpics.com www.ansi.okstate.edu www.live-live.com en.wikipedia.org

  2. General Formula and Structure • The general formula for a carboxylic acid is: Cn H2n+1 COOH or R C OH the R variable representing the first part of the name. EX: Methanoic acid H C OH • The general structure for a carboxylic acid is: AX₃ Planar O O

  3. Naming Scheme • Naming a Carboxylic acid according to the IUPAC system requires you to drop the e and add oic acid to the end. Ex: propane →propan → propanoic acid parent chain name , drop the e, add oic acid www.gcsescience.com

  4. Naming Scheme • Double and Triple bonds With double and triple bonds you name them in a very similar way to which you would name and alkene or alkyne. Using the ex from the last slide: with a double bond Propane  Propen  Propenoic acid  2-Propenoic acid But remember to number where the double or triple bond is keeping in mind that the carboxyl group takes priority. www.inchem.org

  5. Naming Scheme • The last naming scheme to cover is attachments. Using the example from above. Propane  Propan  Propanoic acid  there is one methyl attachment at 2  so it now becomes 2- methyl Propanoic acid. www.chemspider.com

  6. More Naming

  7. Reaction Synthesis • Carboxylic Acids react with bases to form carboxylate salts, in which the hydrogen of the hydroxyl (-OH) group is replaced with a metal cation. • In the reaction below Acetic Acid reacts with sodium bicarbonate to form sodium acetate, carbon dioxide, and water. CH₃COOH + NaHCO₃ → CH₃COONa + CO₂ + H₂O • Also carboxylic acids can react with alcohols to form esters, in the below reaction we are making ethyl ethanoate from ethanoic acid and ethanol. Carboxylic acid + alcohol = ester + water http://www.chemguide.co.uk/organicprops/alcohols/esterification.html

  8. Types of Carboxylic Acids • Acetic Acid- Used in vinegar, gives it it’s sour taste. One of the simplest carboxylic acids. • Tannic Acid- It is used for tanning, it is in a number of tree barks, it is used for staining wood and dying cotton. • Salicylic Acid- used in acne creams, it is also used as a food preservative. • Citric Acid- found in most citrus fruits, it is a natural preservative it is also found in bathroom and kitchen cleaners along with soft drinks. • Malic Acid- this is found in many unripe fruits like green apples. • Oxalic Acid- it is used in bleaching and cleansing solutions. This also appears in rhubarb leaves and is poisonous. • Acetylsalicylic acid- Aspirin www.leanitup.com

  9. Every day examples • Formic acid- found in ant venom • Butyric acid- commonly found in milk especially in goats and buffalos. Smells good tastes awful. • Propionic acid- found in perennials (flowers that come back every year) smells terrible but the esters of this acid smell lovely and are used in perfumes and cosmetics. • Caproic acid- is a fatty acid and is commonly found in goats and other barnyard animals • Enanthic acid- has a rancid oder and is commonly found in caster oils. • Caprylic acid- smells terrible and is found in the milk of most mammals including humans. • Pelargonic acid- smells awful and is used in making many liqures also used to make esters • Capric acid- saturated fatty acid, found naturally in coconut oil. blog.findwell.com allthingsherbal.com

  10. Other Facts • Formic Acid was first prepared by the distillation of ants, the swelling and irritation caused by ant bites and bee stings comes from formic acid. • Carboxylic acids are weak in water. • Carboxylic acids are also known as boxylic acids and all have the same general formula. • These acids react together with alcohols to make esters. • Carboxylic acids and their esters can be reduced to alcohols by suitable reduction agents. • Carboxylic acids have a very pungent Oder compared to esters pleasant aromas.

  11. Lets Review • Relations http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xheOq0XZ-so • Naming scheme http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z8h7QgevqjM

  12. Lemons for Losers!!! • It’s game time, everyone in the class divide into two sides and pick one person as a team captain…

  13. Just for an interesting ending point… never eat citric acid powder in large doses… http://m.youtube.com/watch?v=fM9BgDJ01Cl&desktop_uri=%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DfM9BgDJ01Cl www.delcraychem.com

  14. More cool tricks with carboxylic acids • Orange peel flame thrower • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JycKEI8XZs8 • vinigar, calcium hypochlorite, and sucrose. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HTznU9nIIm0

  15. Sources Book Sources: • Chemistry study of matter and its changes, Text book, author: Brady Holum • Chemistry Reactions, structure, and properties. Text Book, Authors: Clyde. R. Dillard, David. E. Goldberg • Chemistry, Text Book, Authors: Gillespie, Ronald J. Internet Sources: • http://colapret.cm.utexas.edu • http://en.wikipedia.org • http://humantouchofchemistry.com • http://youtube.com • www.inchem.org

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