Spatial Dominion in Early Roman Architecture

1. Spatial Dominion in Early Roman Architecture

2. I. City plan of Pompeii: an admixture of Italic, Greek Hippodamian, and Roman urbanism Pompeii, Italy, city plan, esp. the forum and the basilica, 1st cen. BC to 1st cen. AD

3. I. Pompeii, Italy Mt. Vesuvius Naples Pompeii

4. I. A. What street patterns indicate the early Oscan and the Greek settlements? 6. Pompeii Greek Oscan

5. I. B. What neighborhood and large public spaces were added by the Romans in 80 bc when they decided to make Pompeii a retirement city for their military veterans? Pompeii

6. I. B. 3. Pompeii’s Theater Pompeii’s Amphitheater Theater and Odeon

7. II. The Forum: A consensus-building space in the Roman Republic A. What public buildings would one find on a Roman forum? 1. a basilica The Basilica on the Forum at Pompeii

8. II. A. 1. a. What are the components of the Roman basilica architecturally? 9. The Basilica on the Forum at Pompeii

9. II. A. 1. a. Greek stoas The Basilica on the Forum at Pompeii Hypostyle market hall, 210 bcat Delos, Turkey

10. II. A. 1. c. What Greek building is a basilica most similar to in terms of function? Stoa of Attalos at Athens The Basilica on the Forum at Pompeii

11. II. A. 2. Council halls, courts, treasury (and the Senate in the city of Rome) Council buildings on the Forum at Pompeii

12. II. A. 3. Commercial and civic buildings (some donated by prominent citizens: the Eumachia) Commercial buildings on the Forum at Pompeii

13. II. A. 4. Urban temples Forum of Pompeii – Two Temples

14. II. B. In what two ways did Romans circumscribe space and forge consensus in a Roman forum? 8. Forum at Pompeii

15. II. B. colonnaded Forum at Pompeii (Shaping space to foster consensus)

16. II. B. 2. How did the position of the main temple in a forum contribute to spatial hierarchy and clarity? Forum at Pompeii – Temple of Jupiter

17. III. Roman pseudo-peripteraltemple: Republican forging of concensus in building design Roman temples of the Republic period Etruscan style Temple of Capitoline Jupiter, Rome, 509 bc Temple of Jupiter on the forum of Pompeii, 150 bc Temple of Hercules Victor, Rome late 2nd cen. bc Temple of Hercules at Cori, Italy late 2nd cen. bc Temple of Vesta, Tivoli, Italy early 1st cen. bc Temple of Portunus, Rome, 75 bc

18. III. Maison Carrée (“Square House”), Nimes, France, 1st century B.C.

19. III.

20. III. MaisonCarrée and the Carréd‘Art museum by Norman Foster (1984-93)

21. III. A. Did Roman spatial control transform the Greek temple, or did the Greek temple Hellenize the early Etrusco-Roman temple? Greek temple (Parthenon, 5th cen. bc) Etruscan temple (Veii, Italy, 5th cen. bc) Roman MaisonCarrée, 1st cen. bc

22. III. A. 1. Roman temple plan and elevation a. podium and d. approach (Shaping space to foster consensus) Maison Carrée

23. III. A. 1. a. Maison Carrée side front

24. III. A. 1. b. cella Maison Carrée

25. III. A. 1. c. pseudo-peripteral Maison Carrée

26. III. B. Ritual preferences in Roman temples 1. Where was the Roman altar compared to the Greek? Maison Carrée sometimes altar

27. III B. 2. Aside from worship, what other functions did the Roman temple serve? Maison Carrée

28. III. C. Where might the imperial patronage be seen in this otherwise traditionally republican-era temple? Maison Carrée