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Roman Architecture. Arches. The Romans built arches for support of their structures. The Romans built arches into all their buildings such as aqueducts and Triumphal Arches. Aqueducts. Aqueducts- a way to carry water. There wasn’t enough water in the city of Rome.
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Arches • The Romans built arches for support of their structures. • The Romans built arches into all their buildings such as aqueducts and Triumphal Arches.
Aqueducts- a way to carry water • There wasn’t enough water in the city of Rome. • The Romans brought water in from the surrounding countryside. • The water was brought in by tubes called aqueducts.
Why arches? • Water is heavy stuff. • The Romans needed a structure strong enough to hold all that water to move it from the mountains into the city.
Where did the water go? • The water was transported in concrete tunnels. • The tunnels were underground if possible. • Sometimes the tunnel had to go above ground.
How did the aqueduct work? • The water flowed in a tube on the top of the aqueduct called a water channel. • The arches supported the water channel.
What did the water channel look like? • The water flowed through a rectangular channel. • The channel was lined with concrete. • The Romans invented concrete.
Where else did the Romans use arches? Arches of Triumph Buildings Roofs Windows Doorways City wall entrance doors
An Amphitheatre;a place for sporting and gladiatorial events. They were always circular. The one in Rome was named the Coliseum and could hold 50,000 spectators.
The Coliseum was a blend of Greek and Roman architecture • The arches are supported by central columns. • The columns on the first floor are Doric. • The columns on the second floor are Ionic. • The columns on the third floor are Corinthian.
Wealthy Romans, called patricians had the best seats. Middle-class citizens called plebeians, sat in the higher seats. Slaves, if they could afford it, sat in the highest seats.
How does an arch work?Keystones • The keystone is the red stone at the top of the arch. • The keystone is what the weight rests on.
How does an arch work?Voussoirs • The semi-circular stones on either side of the keystone are the voussoirs. • The voussoirs bring the weight to the columns that go to the ground.
How does an arch work?Buttressing • The square or rectangular blocks between each arch are buttresses. • The buttresses make a column that takes the weight all the way to the ground.
Modern arches Office in Tyson’s Corner Dominion Towers US Capital Hotel Roanoke
Your Task • Go to your seat. • You are going to draw an arch. • Just follow your teacher’s directions and you can do it!
First • Use the yogurt lid to draw a semi-circle.
Second • Add legs to your semi-circle. • Now you have an arch.
Third • Draw a smaller arch inside the first one.
Fourth • Draw a Keystone at the top of the arch.
Fifth • Now draw the Voussoirs that hold the Keystone in place.
Sixth • Draw a second arch next to the first one. • Go through the same steps.
Seventh • Connect the arches with buttresses. • You did it! • Success!
