NATIONAL CONFRENCE ON AGRICULTURE FOR KHARIF COMPAIGN - 2013

1. NATIONAL CONFRENCE ON AGRICULTURE FOR KHARIF COMPAIGN - 2013 VENUE: NASC, PUSA COMPLEX, NEW DELHI. Department of Agriculture, Punjab

2. PUNJAB AGRICULTURE : AN OVERVIEW • Area (geographical) : 50.4 lakh ha • Net sown area: 42 lakh ha (84% of state’s area) • Irrigated area: 40.73 lakh ha (98%) • Canals : 11.15 lakh ha (27%) • Tubewells : 29.56 lakh ha (71%) through 13.84 lakh tubewells • Total cropped area: 78.75 lakh ha • Cropping intensity: 189.4% • Cropping Systems : Rice-Wheat; Cotton-Wheat; and Maize-Wheat • During 2011-12 Punjab produced a 292.16 LMT of food grains Punjab produces about 11% of country’s and 2% of world’s Rice

3. Strategies and Initiatives for XII Plan

4. NEED FOR CROP DIVERSIFICATION • Encouraging results of new initiatives BGREI (Bringing Green Revolution to Eastern India) • Increase in production in some States to meet most of their PDS requirements • Alarming groundwater depletion due to rice cultivation. • Increasing Electricity subsidy bill • Need to sustainably manage natural resources of the state for future generations. Consequently, Punjab must diversify from rice-wheat rotation, primarily rice The Govt. of Punjab has submitted Memorandum to GoI on 29.10.2012 for Diversification of State Agriculture away from Paddy.

5. PROPOSED PLAN FOR DIVERSIFICATION

6. YEAR-WISE PLAN FOR NET SHIFT IN AREA FROM PADDY TO ALTERNATIVE CROPS

7. INITIATIVES FOR DIVERSIFICATION • A remunerative MSP to create infrastructure for cultivation of alternate crops, to cover the production risks and to incentivize the farmers to shift • Creation of an efficient marketing infrastructure and mechanism for alternate crops • Availability of quality seeds for alternative crops. • An appropriate national trade policy in agriculture for export led diversification. • Opening of trade for all crops through Wagha Border and provision of freight subsidy. • Adequate funding for technology generation and dissemination • Infrastructure for agro-processing through rural industrialization

8. Interventions/ Activities during 2013-14

9. RICE PROPOSED INTERVENTIONS • INTRODUCTION OF NEW WATER SAVING TECHNOLOGIES VIZ. TRANSPLANTING ON RAISED BEDS AND DIRECT SEEDING OF RICE. • ASSURED SUPPLY OF CANAL WATER AND ELECTRICITY (FOR 8 HOURS) FOR TIMELY TRANSPLANTAION. • USE OF LEAF COLOR CHARTS FOR NEED BASED APPLICATION OF NITROGENOUS FERTILIZERS. • FARMERS FIELD SCHOOLS TO BE ORGANIZED .

10. MAIZE • PROPOSED INTERVENTIONS • ARRANGEMENTS OF ABOUT 30000 QTLS. OF HYBRIDS SEEDS TO ACHIEVE • 100% SEED REPLACEMENT. • EMPHASIS ON PROPER PLANT POPULATON THROUGH MACHNISED PLANTING • STRESS ON INM AND IPM.

11. KHARIF OILSEEDS AND PULSES PROPOSED INTERVENTIONS EFFORTS TO INCREASE AREA UNDER SUMMER MOONG. ADOPTATION OF IMPROVED HIGH YIELDING VARIETIES ESPECIALLY FOR RAPESEED, MUSTARD AND SUNFLOWER PROMOTION OF IPM AND INM. Area: lac ha Production: MT

12. COTTON • PROPOSED INTERVENTIONS • MORE AREA UNDER BT. COTTON HYBRIDS - ARRANGEMENTS OF 25 lac PACKETS OF APPROVED HYBRIDS. • ADEQUATE SUPPLY OF CANAL WATER DURING APRIL FOR TIMELY SOWING OF COTTON. • PROMOTION OF IPM ON COTTON • SUPPLY OF QUALITY PESTICIDES AND THEIR EFFICIENT USE.

13. SUGARCANE • PROPOSED INTERVENTIONS • PROPAGATION OF SEED THROUGH TISSUE CULTURE. • STRESS WILL BE LAID ON SOWING ON RIDGES AND TRENCHES TO SAVE IRRIGATION WATER. • PROMOTION OF IPM ON SUGARCANE.

14. CAPACITY BUILDING OF FIELD FUNCTIONARIES AND FARMERS • Two-day workshop for staff of Department of Agriculture, KVK and FASS regarding kharif crops on 13-14 Feb, 2013. • District/block/Village-level Farmers Training Camps in collaboration with PAU • Awareness campaign through print and electronic media • Road side panels and hoardings under National Food Security Mission • Demonstration plots, field days and Farmers Field Schools • Display boards depicting details of components and rate of assistance available under various schemes at each office • Awareness campaign amongst farmers for use of Kisan Call Centre.

15. KHARIF PROSPECTSArea =Lac.ha. Prod=Lac.MT.

16. RABI ASSESSMENTArea= Lac.ha. Prod.= Lac.MT.

17. Specific Issues of the State

18. ISSUES • Crop Diversification • Climate change. • Stagnating productivity and increasing cost of production thereby decreasing margins of farmers. • Non procurement of alternate crops at MSP. • Degradation of natural resources i.e. soil, water and environment. • Attack of yellow rust on wheat

19. Good Agricultural Practices and Success Stories

20. Rice • Use laser land leveler for precision land levelling before puddling to enhance on farm water use efficiency and other farm inputs • Restrict to timely sowing of nursery(second fortnight of May) and timely transplanting schedule (second fortnight of June) for better grain quality, water saving and low building up stem borer • Use Leaf Colour Chart for nitrogen application • For the management of bacterial leaf blight disease, grow rice varieties PR 111, PR 113, PR 115 , PR 121 and PR 122 Leaf Colour Chart Laser land leveler

21. ………..Rice • Use tensiometer for scheduling irrigation • To save water, plant early maturing variety PR 115 • Stop irrigation about a fortnight before maturity • Avoid transplanting paddy in poor sandy soil • Regular monitoring of insect population • Synthetic pyrethroids should not be used for the control of rice insect-pests • Use seed treatment to avoid seed borne disease. • Avoid mixing of varieties of basmati Tensiometer

22. Cotton • Grow only recommended varieties / hybrids resistant / tolerant to cotton leaf curl viral disease. • Must soak delinted seed in water for 2-4 hours. • Heavy pre-sowing irrigation is must to obtain good germination and early establishment of plants. • Give 4 sprays of 2% potassium nitrate (13:0:45) starting at flower initiation, at weekly interval. • Eradicate alternate hosts of cotton leaf curl virus/volunteer cotton plants before sowing, to avoid the multiplication and spread of disease. LH 2076

23. ………Cotton • Avoid growing bhindi, moong, arhar, castor, dhaincha in and around the cotton fields to avoid simultaneous build up and spread of pests and diseases to cotton. • Follow cultural control for management of mealy bug. • Spray to control jassid only when it reaches economic threshold level of second Injury grade i.e. marginal cupping of leaves. • Avoid tank mixing and use of readymade insecticidal mixtures. • Follow Insecticide Resistance Management (IRM) strategy for effective management of insect pests. • Use fixed type hollow-cone nozzle which discharges 600 ml of spray material per minute for efficient pest control.

24. BtCotton • Grow only recommended hybrids Bt cotton. • Avoid sowing Bt cotton in light sandy soils. • Give first irrigation 4-6 weeks after sowing depending on soil type. Last irrigation in September is must. • Grow non Bt cotton as refuge on the periphery of Bt cotton to prevent development of resistance against Bt in bollworms. • Control sucking pests and tobacco caterpillar as and when situation arises.

25. Maize • Grow maize without any preparatory tillage with zero till drill after conventional or zero till sown wheat. • Sow the maize in trenches made by tractor /bullock drawn ridger from end- May to mid- June to facilitate easy and economical irrigation during dry and hot weather conditions. • Use of Leaf Colour Chart for nitrogen application • To avoid flooding, drain away excess water by making a drain of adequate capacity at the lower end of the field. LCC in maize

26. Pulses Moong • Grow yellow mosaic virus tolerant varieties of moong PAU 911, ML 818, ML 613 • Inoculate the moong seed with recommended Rhizobium culture at the time of sowing. • Grow moong without seed bed preparation with zero till drill after conventional and zero till sown wheat PAU 911

27. …….Pulses Mash • Grow mash varieties Mash 114 and Mash 338 which are fairly resistant to yellow mosaic virus, bacterial leaf spot and cercospora leaf spot diseases. Mash 338 is also tolerant to jassid and whitefly. Arhar • Sow arhar without any tillage operation with zero till drill after conventional or zero till sown wheat Mash 114

28. ……Pulses Soybean • Grow improved varieties SL 744 and SL 525 which are resistant to yellow mosaic virus. SL 525 is also tolerant to stem blight and root-knot nematode. • Inoculate the seed with specific bacterial culture at sowing to supplement the nitrogen supply to the crop. SL 744

29. ….soybean • Treat the seed with Captan or Thiram @ 3g/kg of seed against soil borne disease. If soybean is being sown for the first time in the fields, use bacterial culture only. • Sow soybean without any tillage operation with zero till drill after conventional or zero till sown wheat • Grow soybean on raised beds in medium to heavy soils • The rows should be covered with wheat or paddy straw to ensure proper germination and seedling emergence.

30. Sugarcane • Grow varieties fairly resistant to red rot i.e. CoJ 85, CoJ 83, CoH 119, CoJ 88, CoS 8436 and CoJ 89 . • Use recommended seed rate to ensure good stand of the crop. • Avoid late planting of sugarcane as it reduces tillering and is more attacked by insect pests especially shoot borer. • Keep the crop free from weeds using recommended chemical and cultural control measures • Do not apply excessive dose of nitrogen than recommended. Over dose will cause lodging of the crop, resulting in poor cane yield and quality. • Do not allow the crop to suffer from drought especially during hot months. • Save the crop from lodging by earthing up and propping • Protect the crop from frost by irrigating

31. SugarcaneTrenchPlanter • Use paired row trench planter for sugarcane planting. • It saves 15-20% irrigation water • It gives 8% higher yield than conventional planting

32. OilSeeds Groundnut Improved Varieties • Grow SG 99 variety which is tolerant to bud necrosis disease. • Avoid sowing groundnut in the same field year after year, as this practice results in heavy build up of soil-borne disease. • Prefer P from superphosphate. In the wheat-groundnut rotation, if the recommended dose of phosphatic fertilizer has been applied to wheat, its application to groundnut can be omitted. • Expose the soil to the sum during May and June to reduce nematode population. SG 99

33. Sesamum • Grow sesamum on well-drained, sandy-loam soils. • Prefer sowing of RT 346 variety which is moderately resistant to Antigastra capsule borer. • Sow this crop in the first fortnight of July after receipt of adequate rain or with the application of pre-sowing irrigation. The early-sown crop suffers from phyllody-virus disease. Other Crops Guar • Grow recently recommended new variety of Guar HG 365 which is an early maturing variety (105 days).

34. BEST PRACTICES ADOPTED • Laser land leveling • Bed planting/DSR/Zero tillage • Maximum area covered under HYVs • Maximum usage of certified/quality seeds and Adoption of Seed Treatment • Fertilizer to be used on soil test basis • Timely sowing of Paddy and transplantation after 10th June. • Promotion of Hybrid maize and its plant population. • Promotion of IPM technology in Cotton, Paddy and Maize. • Relay cropping in standing cotton crop.

35. Success Stories of District Gurdaspur

36. Oil Seed Crops • No. of demonstrations organized - 577 • No. of farmers benefited - 5368 • Expenditure incurred – 4.25 Lakh • Area under oilseed cultivation prior to ATMA – 3058 ha • Current area under oilseed cultivation – 5542 ha • District average yield of oilseed – 1115 kg / ha • Average yield recorded in the demonstrations for oilseeds – 1575 kg / ha • ?

37. Oil Seed Crops

38. Sowing of Gram on Raised Beds • No. of farmers trained – 165 • Productivity improvement in gram – 20-25% • District average yield of gram – 815 kg / ha • Average gram yield recorded in the raised bed system – 1035 kg/ ha

39. Sowing of Gram on Raised Beds

40. Sugarcane • No. of farmers trained – 1869 • Area under Sugarcane prior to ATMA – 17582 ha • Current area under S’cane cultivation – 24682 ha • District average yield of S’cane – 500 qt • Average S’cane yield recorded under inter-cropping demonstrations – 650 qt/ha • Farmers are getting one additional crop as bonus with minimum expenditure

41. Intensification Of Sugarcane with intercropping of Wheat

42. Bud chip method of sugarcane cultivation

44. Turmeric • No. of farmers trained – 678 • Area under Turmeric prior to ATMA – 5 ha • Current area under Turmeric cultivation –75 ha • Processing- One processing plant has been installed by Green Gold FIG

45. Field of turmeric and processing plant

46. CRITICAL GAPS IN STATE PLAN 2013-14 • PROVISION OF BUDGET FOR CROP DIVERSIFICATION IN THE STATE • RELEASE OF FUNDS SHOULD BE PRIOR TO THE SOWING OF CROPS • ALLOCATION OF FUNDS FOR SPECIAL COMPONENT REQUIRED TO BE ON THE BASIS OF NUMBER OF OPERATIONAL HOLDINGS OF THE FARMERS IN THE STATE.

47. THANKS