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Solar Energy

Solar Energy. Physics 1303 3/26/03. Three forms of solar energy. Passive Solar Active Solar Photovoltaic. Passive Solar Energy. Sensible architectural design Use sun in the winter Avoid in the summer.

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Solar Energy

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  1. Solar Energy Physics 1303 3/26/03

  2. Three forms of solar energy. • Passive Solar • Active Solar • Photovoltaic

  3. Passive Solar Energy • Sensible architectural design • Use sun in the winter • Avoid in the summer. • Cold climates- large glazing which may be insulated at night and opened during the day. • Hot climates - blocking the sun and providing good ventilation.  

  4. Passive Design Arizona Cliff Dwelling is an example of traditional low-tech solution to space heating and cooling needs.

  5. Passive Design This is a modern New Mexico version. There is movable isolation to put in place at night.

  6. Passive Design Another interesting design. The wall is down and the passive collector is collecting solar energy

  7. Passive Design In this mode, the wall is up and the building is storing solar energy or blocking summer heat gain.

  8. An innovative passive design Roof Pond House in Atascadero, California

  9. Active Solar Energy • Use pumps and solar collectors to provide energy. • Two types of solar collectors: • flat plate • concentrating

  10. Flat Plate Collector • Made of a black absorbing plate with water running through it or air blowing past it. • Usually a flat plate collector has a glazing to stop heat from escaping. • Efficiency 50% or better.

  11. Flat Plate Collector – Hot Water Heater Low cost heater in the roof of this modest Miami house

  12. Flat Plate Collector – Hot Water Heater Low cost heater in the roof of this modest San Antonio house

  13. Flat Plate Collector – Hot Water Heater Low cost heater in the roof of this modest Miami house

  14. Flat Plate Collector – Hot Water Heater • Solar water heater system has four components: • Collector • Tank • Pump • Controller

  15. Flat Plate Collector Flat plate collectors being tested.

  16. Flat Plate Collector Flat Plate Collector components: • Plate with tubing • Insulation • Glazing

  17. Concentrating Collector • A concentrating collector includes some kind of lens or mirror. • Tracks the sun. • High temperature. •  Efficiency near 50%.

  18. Concentrating Collector Components: • Optics • Glazing • Absorber • Insulation • Tracking

  19. Concentrating Collector This one uses a mirror and has no glazing

  20. Concentrating Collector Used to be on the roof of the Bell center.

  21. Concentrating Collector This is the solar concentrating collector on the CPS Headquarters building on San Pedro. It runs the air-conditioning system

  22. Flat Plat Collector Problem Stop and work the problem.

  23. Photovoltaics • Photovoltaic systems convert solar energy directly into electricity. They have efficiencies near 10%.

  24. Photovoltaics PV-powered airplane. Is this really a good idea?

  25. Photovoltaics PV arrays are widely used for low power loads.

  26. Photovoltacis A PV array is made up of several panels and a panel is made up of several cells.

  27. Photovoltaics A complete system has an array, a battery, an inverter and a load. The system can supply either DC or AC loads.

  28. Photovoltaics The inverter converts the DC voltage from the PV array into an AC signal to power AC loads or to connect to the grid.

  29. Photovoltaics • Laurel Kaesler and Frank Ehman designed and built the PV Project in the Physics Department

  30. Photovoltaics • The PV project has 4 components: • Array • Controller • Battery • Load

  31. Photovoltaic Controller

  32. Photovoltaics • The load is a pair of fluorescent lights in my Physics office. • These lamps supply the only light that I use in this office.

  33. Photovoltaic This is the solar array on the CPS Headquarters building on San Pedro.

  34. Photovoltaic • The output of the array is inverted into an AC voltage and fed back to the grid.

  35. Photovoltaics A high-tech solution is to use PV to capture sunlight as electricity and use the electricity to produce microwaves that are beamed back to earth.

  36. PV Problem Stop and work the problem.

  37. Solar Energy Do you think solar energy will able to replace a significant fraction of the energy needs of our society?

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