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Evolution of Cartography: From Ancient Babylon to Ptolemy's Geographica

Explore the rich history of cartography in Europe and the Middle East, from ancient maps like Babylonia's to Ptolemy's Geographica. Discover the significance and evolution of mapmaking, from ancient drawings to precise world maps.

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Evolution of Cartography: From Ancient Babylon to Ptolemy's Geographica

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  1. History of Cartography I Europe and the Middle East

  2. Bull at Lascaux, France

  3. Wall Painting from ÇatalHüyük, Turkey (ca 6200 BCE)

  4. Plan of ÇatalHüyük, Turkey (ca 6200 BCE)

  5. Map or Pattern?

  6. TepeGawra Landscape Jar (ca 6000 BCE Iraq)

  7. Petroglyph Map from Bendolina, Italy

  8. Bedolina Map with Tracing

  9. Labels by Craig Alexander, 2007.

  10. Babylonian Town Maps

  11. Babylonian World Map?

  12. Mapmaking in the Age of Archaic Greece • Anaximander (c. 610 - 546 BCE) • Corrected by Hecataeus (c. 550-480 BCE) • Pythagorus (c. 550 – 475 BCE) • Earth as a sphere (c. 570 - 495 BCE) • Herodotus (c. 484 - 425 BCE) • Aristotle (384 – 322 BCE)

  13. Possible Rendering of Anaximander’s World Map

  14. Reconstruction of Hecataeus’ World Map

  15. Climate Zones

  16. Eratosthenes: The Father of Modern Cartography? • Eratosthenes (ca. 275-195 BCE) • On the Measurement of the Earth • Geographica • Calculated the circumference of the earth (within 1/2 % accuracy) • Introduced the idea of meridians and parallels

  17. Roman Cartography

  18. Agrippa’s World Map (Reconstruction)

  19. Claudius Ptolemy (ca. 83- 168 CE) • Benefited from Greek theoretical knowledge and Roman knowledge of the world • Geographica • Coordinates based on latitude and longitude • index

  20. Themes • Different reasons for the creation of maps • Understand one’s place in the world • Religious meaning • Practical necessity • propaganda

  21. The Semiotics of Maps • Link of complex cartography and literacy? • Bird’s eye view • Representation of abstractions in oral cultures

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