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What is the shape of the Universe? How do galaxies evolve?

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The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) aims to answer fundamental questions about the Universe, including its shape, galaxy evolution, star and planetary system formation, and the nature of dark matter. Detectors play a crucial role in achieving these scientific goals. JWST features advanced hybrid infrared sensors, with approximately 80 megapixels, enhancing its observational capabilities. The telescope's cutting-edge technology will enable it to explore the Universe's elemental composition and provide deep insights into cosmic phenomena.

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What is the shape of the Universe? How do galaxies evolve?

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  1. The James Webb Space Telescope will address the following questions: • What is the shape of the Universe? • How do galaxies evolve? • How do stars and planetary systems form and interact? • How did the Universe build up it present elemental/chemical composition? • What is dark matter?

  2. Detectors are at the heart of all astronomical observations and are important for JWST

  3. 4 1.E+02 Sunshield Dark current = - 0.126 e /sec 1.E+01 - 0.020 e /sec Spectra 3 JWST requirement - 0.003 e /sec 1.E+00 Images Duration of DRM NIR Observations [yrs] JWST goal Signal [e-/sec/pix] 2 1.E-01 R=5 1.E-02 Zodiacal Light 1 1.E-03 R=1000 0 1.E-04 2 4 6 8 0.1 1 10 Wavelength [mm] Read noise per exposure [electrons] Detectors Are Important for JWST

  4. HST HST HST JWST Detectors HST/NICMOS (all astronomical infrared detectors in space today!) ~80 megapixels of flight-qualified detectors!!! (~10 times all detectors on all telescopes today)

  5. IR Arrays are “Hybrid” Sensors • PN junctions are “bump bonded” to a silicon readout multiplexer (MUX). • Silicon technology is more advanced than other semiconductor electronics technology. • The “bump bonds” are made of indium. from: Bernard J. Rauscher, in “Detectors,” STScI Course on Infrared Instrumentation & Observing Techniques, 2000

  6. NIRCam will use detectors from:Rockwell Scientific Company (RSC)/U Hawaii ~$500K per array! 2"

  7. STScI Detector Test System Controller Electronics Dewar Entrance Window Vacuum Hose He Lines

  8. IDTL Detector Handling

  9. IDTL Personnel

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