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TECHNICAL SEMINAR. SMARTSENSORS: EVOLUTION,TECHNOLOGY & APPLICATIONS. Under the Guidance of Dr. P. S. Mallick Chinmaya Kumar Basa Roll no: EI200118O24.
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TECHNICAL SEMINAR SMARTSENSORS: EVOLUTION,TECHNOLOGY & APPLICATIONS Under the Guidance of Dr. P. S. Mallick Chinmaya Kumar Basa Roll no: EI200118O24
A `smart sensor' is an assembly of the sensing element an associated electronics for signal conditioning and data processing etc.,on the same chip. A smart sensor is required to have the following essential subsystem 1. Sensing element 2. Exciter with control 3. Amplification modules 4. Filters 5. Converters 6. Compensator 7. Digital information processing module INTRODUCTION
BASICS OF SMART SENSOR Complete sensor systems have been realized on a single chip where traditional functions,such as signal conditioning, data-communication, A/D conversion and the generation of reference and compensating signals are no longer performed by separate components, but are all integrated on the same IC.
Sensors have progressed through following stages First generation devices Second generation devices Third generation devices Fourth generation devices Fifth generation devices In fifth generation, data conversion is accomplished on the same sensor chip EVOLUTION OF SMART SENSORS
A modern microprocessor-cum-micro sensor is composed of (i) the sensing element (ii) a signal processing part (iii) the microprocessor Parts (i) and (ii) are fabricated on a single chip to form a smart sensor TECHNOLOGY OF SMART SENSORS
Different smart sensors are given below: 1.HALL SENSORS 2. THREE-DIMENSIONAL EYE MOVEMENT MEASUREMENT USING SMART VISION SENSORS 3. SMART ACCELEROMETER SYSTEM 4. SMART AUDIO SENSOR FOR TELEMEDICINE SOME EXAMPLES OF SMART SENSORS
HALL SENSORS The simplest Hall element uses a square plate of N-well in a p-type epitaxial layer. Typical sensitivities of Hall plates fabricated in standard CMOS technology are in the order of 100mV/VT. Commercially available Hall sensors typically operate over ranges that start at 1mT and have noise levels in the order of 50-100µT.
SMART VISION SENSORS State-of-the-art imaging technology permits accurate three- dimensional measurement of eye movement (horizontal, vertical, torsional). 3D eye measurement is done using this sensor SMARTVISION SENSOR AND HOST INTERFACE
SMART ACCELEROMETER SYSTEM Smart Accelerometer System is an acceleration measurement System containing: • an accelerometer • a temperature sensor • signal processor • IRIG-106 PCM encoder • RS485 interface and • three analog outputs
The smart audio sensor analyzes the audio signals, detects events, recognizes the type of noise and sends the information through a CAN bus. This sensor is equipped with microphones in order to detect a sound event. The originality of the approach consists in replacing the video camera monitoring, which the patients are uncomfortable with, by microphones surveying the sounds. It uses the hardware implementation, the software treatments and a first evaluation of the algorithms. SMART AUDIO SENSOR FOR TELEMEDICINE
There are many applications of smart sensors of which some practical uses are realized as 1.Electronic compass for measurement of directions with greater accuracy. 2. Hydraulic cylinder height application for measurement of height IMPLEMENTATION AND FUTURE USE
CONCLUSION Only certain type of smart sensor is suitable for use in intelligent instruments. The pressure measuring devices are only candidates for inclusion within the intelligent level measuring instruments, and versions claiming + 0.05 % accuracy are now on the market. These instruments can also carry out additional function such as providing automatic compensation for liquid density variations. Apart from these, there is little activity at present directed towards developing other forms of intelligent level measuring systems.
