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SOCIAL STUDIES

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SOCIAL STUDIES. iLeap Review. Hunters and gatherers. wandering/nomadic lifestyles Used animals for food, clothing, and shelter Bones used for tools Hunted animals and gathered plant, berries, for food. Domesticate. To tame plants and animals for human use.

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SOCIAL STUDIES

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  1. SOCIAL STUDIES iLeap Review

  2. Hunters and gatherers • wandering/nomadic lifestyles • Used animals for food, clothing, and shelter • Bones used for tools • Hunted animals and gathered plant, berries, for food

  3. Domesticate • To tame plants and animals for human use

  4. Why were plants and animals domesticated? • Animals were used to work • Plow saved time and labor • Plants were raised for food

  5. Primary Sources • Records and artifacts made by and for the people who lived in that time • Artifacts, tools, letters

  6. Secondary Sources • Records made by people who were not part of an event • Internet articles, magazines, replicas, encyclopedia, etc

  7. What did the earliest settlers need to live? • Water source (river valley) • Mild climate for a long growing season • Fertile soil for farming

  8. How did artifacts from a civilization get to a new place? • Trade caused artifacts and ideas to spread to new places

  9. Mesopotamia • Ziggurats-temples • Sumerian city-states • Code of Hammurabi • “land between two rivers”

  10. Egypt • Ruled by Pharaohs • Used irrigation • Papyrus used to write/record • Calendar for flooding seasons

  11. Indus Valley • Known for monsoon winds and rain storms

  12. Phoenician Trade • Trade with Egypt and Greece across the Mediterranean Sea • Phonetic alphabet, indigo dye and cloth, boating and shipbuilding skills

  13. Mandate of Heaven • Chinese believed that heaven (God) gave their emperors the right to rule

  14. Silk Road • Trade routes that connect China and Asia to the lands around the Mediterranean Sea

  15. Forms of Writing • Greek – alphabet • Egypt – hieroglyphics • Chinese – symbols • Sumerian - cuneiform

  16. Alexander the Great • Expanded the Greek empire through many conquests (into Asia, India, Egypt) @ 330 BC • Was made pharaoh of Egypt • Hellenistic Period-blending of Greek and Asian cultures

  17. Describe a classical civilization • Major advancements in science and engineering • Elaborate architecture • Writing system, language, religious beliefs

  18. Vassal • In the Middle Ages, a noble who offered protection in return for the use of his land

  19. Quran • Holy book of Islam

  20. Vedas • Sacred books of the Hindu

  21. Torah • Sacred books of the Jewish (Judaism)

  22. Hinduism • Religion of the India • Belief in many gods and reincarnation

  23. ISLAM • From teachings of Muhammad • God is called Allah

  24. Judaism • Religion of the Jewish people

  25. Christianity • Based on the teachings of Jesus Christ • Jesus is son of God

  26. Buddhism • Based on the teachings of Buddha (Siddhartha Gautama) • Leader of the religion is the Dalai Lama

  27. Who is Siddhartha Gautama? • Son of a wealthy king • Saw suffering and wanted to end it • Began religion of Buddhism • He is called “Enlightened One”

  28. Which two religions began in India? • Hinduism • Buddhism

  29. Which three religions began with Abraham? • Islam • Judaism • Christianity • (monotheistic, holy city of Jerusalem)

  30. Major River Civilizations • Mesopotamia-Tigris and Euphrates Rivers (now Iraq) • Egypt-Nile River • China-Huang He (yellow)River • Indus Valley-Indus River

  31. Cuneiform • Wedge-shaped writing from Mesopotamia

  32. Oracle Bones • From Ancient China • To predict the future • For religious and political purposes

  33. Which civilization? Ziggurat Pyramids Egypt • Mesopotamia

  34. Which civilization? Hieroglyphics Silk Robe Ancient China • Egypt

  35. Which civilization? Terra Cotta Army Shaduf Ancient Egypt • Ancient China

  36. Which civilization? Rugs and textiles Gold Burial Mask Ancient Egypt • Ancient Persia

  37. Which civilization? Parthenon-columns Coliseum-arches Ancient Rome • Ancient Greece

  38. What was the purpose of the Great Wall of China? • Protection from invaders

  39. Ancient Greece • Polytheistic • Democratic form of government • Legal trials with jury made of ordinary people

  40. Athens • Named for the Greek Goddess of Wisdom • Lost Peloponnesian War against Sparta

  41. Ancient Rome • Polytheistic • Representative Democratic form of government • City of power for the Catholic Church after fall of Rome

  42. Describe the feudal system • In the Middle Ages, this allowed the rulers to control large amounts of land • Serfs- (poor) did all the farm labor • For power, protection, wealth

  43. Disease • In 14th century, Black plague killed thousands • Plague spread easily along trade routes • Death occurred quickly

  44. Charlemagne • Fought for Christianity • Crowned emperor of Rome by the pope in 800 AD • First Roman emperor

  45. Who was Prince Henry the Navigator? • Established school for navigation • Encouraged sea exploration and trade • Purpose: to get spices from Persia and China

  46. Nautical innovations • Shipbuilding • Navigation tools astrolabe

  47. Nautical innovations • Shipbuilding Caravel with Lateen sail for speed

  48. Nautical innovations • Shipbuilding Galleon Frigate

  49. How have humans adapted to their environment? • For water: build levees, dams, irrigation systems • Trade-establish trade routes • Agriculture-use plants, crops native to that area

  50. What are Push and Pull Factors? • Push-pushes people out of an area –ex. Natural disasters and war • Pull-pulls people into an area-ex. City improvements, jobs

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