1 / 26

Animal Diversity

Animal Diversity . Exploring the Categorization of Animal Species. The Tree of Life The three domains of life represent the earliest branches in evolutionary history. Characteristics of Animals . Eukaryotic Multicellular Heterotrophic Most are capable of sexual reproduction.

kale
Download Presentation

Animal Diversity

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Animal Diversity Exploring the Categorization of Animal Species

  2. The Tree of Life The three domains of life represent the earliest branches in evolutionary history

  3. Characteristics of Animals • Eukaryotic • Multicellular • Heterotrophic • Most are capable of sexual reproduction. • Animal cells lack a cell wall. • Motile during some stage of their life • Respond to external stimuli as a result of nerve and/or muscle action

  4. Kingdom Animalia Animalia Classification Scheme • Phylum Chordata Chordata Mammalia Mammalia Class Primates Carnivora Order Felidae Family Hominidae Homo Felis Genus sapiens Species sylvestris

  5. Skeleton Segmentation Surface Features or Appendages Development Patterns Body Cavities Body Symmetry Ways to DistinguishBetween Animal Groups

  6. Body symmetry

  7. Phylum PoriferaSponges • Asymmetrical • Loosely structured collection of cells • Cell specialization • Lack tissues • Non-motile as adults • Filter feeders

  8. Phylum CnidariaCoral,Hydra, Anemones and Jellyfish • Radial symmetry • Cells organized into two tissue layers • Lack true organs • Nerve network and contractile tissue • Body plans Polyp- attached Medusa- motile • Mouth and anus are same opening • Asexual and sexual reproduction

  9. Body Cavities Coelom: body cavity lined on all sides by a layer of mesodermal cells

  10. Phylum PlatyhelminthesTapeworms, Flukes , Flatworms • Bilateral symmetry • Acoelomate • Three tissue layers • Excretory and Reproductive Organs • Move by use of nerve cells, ganglia • Many are free-living; some are parasitic

  11. Phylum NematodaRoundworms • Bilateral symmetry • Pseudocoelomate • Three tissue layers • Tubular gastrovascular cavity; two openings • “Ganglionic Brain” • Gas exchange by diffusion • A few species are parasitic

  12. Phylum Annelida: Segmented Worms • Bilateral symmetry • Coelomate, fluid filled cavity allows movement • Three tissue layers • Segmented body • Closed circulatory system: 5 pairs of hearts • Excretory organs: nephridia • Digestive system with specialized areas • Segmented muscles for movement

  13. Phylum Mollusca • Bilateral symmetry • Coelomate • Three tissue layers • Soft body in a calcium containing shell • 3-chambered heart, blood vessels • Ciliated digestive tract • Excretory organs: nephridia • Head-foot has sensory and motor organs • Gills for oxygen absorption • Tooth-bearing strap: radula

  14. Classes of Phylum Mollusca • Class Bivalvia • clams, mussels, oysters, scallops • Class Gastropoda • snails, slugs • Class Cephalopoda • squid, octopus • Class Polyplacophora • chitons (ancestral) • eight plates on back

  15. Phylum Arthropoda • Bilateral symmetry • Coelomate • Three tissue layers • Distinct body regions: head, thorax, abdomen • “joint-footed” • Exoskeleton, moved at joints by muscles • Open circulatory system • Complex nervous system, compound eye • Efficient gas exchange system

  16. Classes of Phylum Arthropoda • Class Arachnida • spiders, ticks, scorpions • Class Crustacea • crabs, lobsters, shrimp • Class Insecta • insects • Class Diplopoda • millipedes2 pairs of legs/segment • Class Chilopoda • centipedes1 pair of legs/segment • Class Meristomata • horseshoe crabs

  17. Protostome: mouth forms first during embryonic development Deuterostome: anus forms first and then mouth forms

  18. Phylum Echinodermata • Radial symmetry, 5-part body plan • Coelomate • Deuterostome • Three tissue layers • “Spiny Skin” • Modified coelom forms a water vascular system to move tube feet • Nervous system: central nerve ring with branches

  19. Classes of Phylum Echinodermata • Class Asteroidea • sea stars • Class Echinoidea • sea urchins, sand dollars • Class Holothuroidea • sea cucumbers • Class Ophiuroidea • brittle stars

  20. Phylum Chordata • Bilateral symmetry • Coelomate • Deuterostome • Three tissue layers • Four common features • Notochord • Dorsal, hollow nerve cord • Pharyngeal gill slits • Post-anal tail

  21. Sub-Phylum Vertebrata • Notochord replaced by vertebral column • Endoskeleton • Development of brain • Closed circulatory system,heart with 2 or more chambers • Use of gills, skin or lungs to obtain oxygen • waste removal by kidneys • Separate sexes, internal or external fertilization

  22. Classes of Sub-Phylum Vertebrata • Class Agnatha • jawless fishes • Class Condrichhthyes • cartilaginous fish • Class Osteichthyes • bony fish

  23. Classes of Sub-Phylum Vertebrata • Class Amphibia • frogs, toads, salamanders • Class Aves • birds • Class Reptilia • lizards, snakes, turtles, alligators

  24. Classes of Sub-Phylum Vertebrata • Class Mammalia • most bear live young • milk from mammary glands • hair • endotherms • monotremes: egg laying • platypus • marsupials • kangaroo • placentals • bat, rabbit, dog, cattle, whale, human

  25. Worksheet • Complete pages 125-126 from lab manual • Record your answer and reasoning for any 8 specimens, making sure to write the answer on the line that matches the specimen number • Be sure your instructor checks your completed worksheet before you leave the lab.

  26. CLEAN UP! • Leave animal specimens and their skeletons in orderly arrays Thank you!

More Related