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Local Government: Structures, Politics, and Challenges

Explore the intricate system of counties, cities, and special districts, their functions, legal officers, executive officials, and political structures, evaluating efficiency and responsiveness, in the context of navigating challenges.

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Local Government: Structures, Politics, and Challenges

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  1. Local Government: Their Structures, Politics, and Challenges

  2. Counties • Origin • Purpose • Functions

  3. Counties • Organization • Legislative Officials • County Commissioners Court • Executive Officials • Commissioners’ Court • Ad valorem • County Commissioners • County Judge

  4. Law Enforcement Officers Sheriff Constables Financial Officers County-Tax Assessor Ad valorem Treasurer auditor Clerical Officers County Clerk District Clerk Counties

  5. Counties • Legal Officers • County Attorney • District Attorney • Miscellaneous Executive Officers • Surveyor • Weigher • Inspectors • Judicial Officers • Justice of the Peace • County judge • County court-at-law judges • Reform

  6. Cities • Development of Cities • Legal Status • Incorporation • Annexation • Extraterritorial jurisdiction (ETJ)

  7. Table 8.1 – Area of Cities’ Extraterritorial Jurisdiction

  8. Cities • Structure • General-Law Cities • Aldermanic form • Wards • At-large • Commission form

  9. Cities • Home-Rule Cities • Mayor-Council Form • Strong-Mayor Form • Weak-Mayor Type • Commission Form • Council-Manager Form • Mayor-Manager Form

  10. Figure 8.2a – Strong-Mayor Council Type LEGISLATIVE EXECUTIVE Mayor Council Elected At-Large Elected by Wards or Precincts Appointed

  11. Figure 8.2b – Weak-Mayor Council Type LEGISLATIVE EXECUTIVE Mayor Council Department Heads

  12. Figure 8.3 – The Commission Form LEGISLATIVE EXECUTIVE Commissioner Commissioner Department Heads Commissioner Commission Commissioner Commissioner Elected At-Large

  13. Figure 8.4 – The Council-Manager Form EXECUTIVE LEGISLATIVE Manager Council Department Heads Elected At-Large Elected by Wards or Precincts Appointed

  14. Figure 8.5 – The Mayor-Manager Form LEGISLATIVE EXECUTIVE Mayor Manager Council Department Heads Elected At-Large Elected by Wards or Precincts Appointed

  15. Cities • Evaluating City Government and Politics • Separation of Powers • Leadership • Responsibility • Efficiency and Responsiveness

  16. Cities • Municipal Elections • Nonpartisan Elections • At-large elections • District Elections

  17. Special Districts • Limited Purpose • Special Purpose • Independent School Districts • Other Special School Districts • Purpose • Origins • Structure • Evaluating School Districts

  18. COGs • Councils of Governments • Conclusion

  19. APPENDIX: Figure 1 – Texas Net Tax Collections by Source, Estimated for 2003 (in millions of dollars)

  20. APPENDIX: Figure 2 – State Appropriations by Function – 2002-2003 Biennium

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