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Hydrologic Cycle

Hydrologic Cycle. Precipitation – 4.2 trillion gallons per day 66% is lost as evapotranspiration 31% is runoff 3% infiltrates into the subsurface. Fig. 2.4. Hydrologic System. Reservoir – place where water resides for a period of time.

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Hydrologic Cycle

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  1. Hydrologic Cycle • Precipitation – 4.2 trillion gallons per day • 66% is lost as evapotranspiration • 31% is runoff • 3% infiltrates into the subsurface

  2. Fig. 2.4 Hydrologic System • Reservoir – place where water resides for a period of time. Major reservoirs – oceans, atmosphere, rivers/lakes, groundwater, and ice.

  3. Fig. 2.4 Hydrologic System • Hydrologic cycle – transfer of water between reservoirs via various pathways.

  4. Concept Sketch • Create a concept sketch illustrating the hydrologic cycle. • Include the reservoirs and the pathways. • Topics to address • Where does most of the evaporation occur and why? • Where does most of the precipitation occur and why? • Pretend that you are an atom of water, describe how you would move through the hydrologic cycle. • Which reservoir would you reside in the longest? • Which reservoir would you reside in the shortest? • What is the source of energy that drives the hydrologic cycle?

  5. Using the following, match the numbered arrow with the correct process (processes maybe used more than once). • Evaporation • Precipitation • Transpiration • Infiltration/percolation • Run-off • Groundwater flow/Discharge There should be at least three more arrows included above. Where would you place the arrows and what process do they represent?

  6. Distribution of Water

  7. What provides the energy for the cycle? Solar energy drives the hydrologic cycle.

  8. Water content in the atmosphere is called the: humidity Composition varies as a function of temperature. Warm air holds > 40 g H2O/Kg air Cold air holds < 1 g H2O/Kg air Addition/removal of water to the atmosphere requires/generates energy. Importance to climate – water vapor transfers heat from warmer to colder regions Latent heat – heat released or absorbed when matter changes state. Water Vapor

  9. Latent Heat Cycle

  10. Assignment for Monday • For Monday – be sure to read Chapter 20, especially pp. 647-648. • Find and bring a copy of a web-based article that provides physical details (not damage related) on Hurricane Wilma.

  11. Energy and the Atmosphere:Pressure, Water Vapor, & Weather • What drives energy within the Atmosphere? Is the distribution of solar energy equal on the Earth’s surface?

  12. Uneven Heating of Earth Surface • Solar energy is a function of both • Location • Time of year

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