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The 1300’s A Century of Turmoil

The 1300’s A Century of Turmoil. I. Problems in the Church. 1305-1377 -- The “Babylonian Captivity” French pope moves the church headquarters to Avignon France Luxurious living hurt the reputation of the Church 1377-1417 – The Great Schism multiple, competing popes elected

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The 1300’s A Century of Turmoil

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  1. The 1300’s A Century of Turmoil

  2. I. Problems in the Church • 1305-1377 -- The “Babylonian Captivity” • French pope moves the church headquarters to Avignon France • Luxurious living hurt the reputation of the Church • 1377-1417 – The Great Schism • multiple, competing popes elected • settled by the Council of Constance

  3. Responses to Problems in the Church • Confusion among the common people • Loss of prestige for the Pope • Challenges to Papal authority • John Wycliffe (England) • Christ is the head of the church • The Bible is the ultimate authority for the Christian life • Clergy should not own land • John Hus (Bohemia) • The Bible is superior to the authority of the Pope or the Church

  4. II. The Black Death • Results: • 50 % of European population died • shortage of workers led to a rise in the price of labor • many serfs gained their freedom • In Italy, surviving merchants gained great wealth and power.

  5. III. The Hundred Years War1337-1453 • Success passed back and forth between the English and the French • England gained early victories by using large numbers of peasants trained to shoot the longbow • (ex: The Battle of Crecy and the Battle of Agincourt) • 1453 – The war ended – England lost all of its French Lands

  6. Important Results of the Hundred Years War • Traditional feudal warfare became obsolete. • French and English nationalism increased. • French monarchy gain power and prestige. • The power of the English parliament increased • The War of the Roses in England (1455-1485) • beginning of the Tudor dynasty of England

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