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Myasthenia Gravis: Symptoms, Diagnosis & Risk Factors

Discover what Myasthenia Gravis is, its symptoms like muscle weakness and difficulty breathing. Learn about the diagnostic tools available and the populations at risk. Find out about the peak onset age, the gender ratio, and the association with hyperthyroidism. Get detailed information about this chronic immune neurological disease.

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Myasthenia Gravis: Symptoms, Diagnosis & Risk Factors

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  1. Alterations of the Peripheral Nervous System Myasthenia Gravis Introduction

  2. Myasthenia Gravis • Definition: -chronic, immune neurological disease -defect in transmission of nerve impulses at the neuromuscular junction -antibodies attack acetylcholine receptors

  3. Populations at RiskRisk Factors • Peak onset: 20 – 30 yrs. Old • Females are 3X > Males • About 20 per 100,000 affected* • Not hereditary ( small familial incidence) • Thymus gland often abnormal (hyperplasia) • Strong association between MG and hyperthyroidism *http://www.myasthenia.org/amg_whatismg.cfm

  4. Clinical Manifestations • Muscle weakness within voluntary muscles -ptosis -abnormal vision -difficulty chewing/swallowing -weakness of arms and legs -chronic muscle fatigue -possibly difficulty breathing

  5. Diagnostic Tools • Tensilon test (anticholinesterase) edrophonium chloride:med will enhance neurotransmission shows marked muscle tone improvement for about 4-5 mins. ANTIDOTE for Tensilon: Atropine Sulfate • EMG (electromyography): muscle response decreased with repeated stimulation

  6. Diagnostic Tools • Thyroid function tests: some MG patients have increase • Serum protein electrophoresis: evaluate for immunologic disorders • Acetylcholine receptor antibodies test-elevated

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