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Comprehensive Assessment of Central Nervous System Disorders and Management

This resource provides a detailed guide on assessing and managing alterations in the central nervous system, including cognitive, motor, sensory, and cranial nerve functions. It covers cardiovascular and psychosocial assessments and includes information on hemorrhagic-subarachnoid cerebral aneurysms and diagnostic tests.

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Comprehensive Assessment of Central Nervous System Disorders and Management

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  1. ALTERATIONS OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM Assessment of a CVA F.A.S.T Face Arms Speech Time* *http://www.stroke.org/site/News2?page=NewsArticle&id=9015&news_iv_ctrl=1222

  2. Cerebrovacular Accident Neurological Assessment • Cognitive • Motor • Sensory • Cranial Nerve Function • Cardiovascular assessment • Psychosocial assessment

  3. Cognitive Assessment • Intellectual Function -memory -judgment -problem solving/ decision making -speech

  4. Motor Assessment • Motor changes -hemiplegia (paralysis) -hemiparesis (weakness) -muscle tone (hyper or hypotonia) -motor activity (agnosia/ apraxia) -bowel/bladder control -gag reflex/ swallowing -self care

  5. Sensory Assessment • Sensory changes -sensory loss (touch, pain, heat, cold) -neglect syndrome -spatial/proprioceptive -hemianopsia -Amaurosis fugax

  6. Cranial Nerve Assessment • Functional Abnormalities -Assess any difficulties in chewing, swallowing -Assess any facial paralysis

  7. Cardiovascular Assessment • Obtain patient history: heart murmur, TIA • Assess vital signs especially BP - history of hypertension

  8. Psychosocial Assessment • Assess patient’s reaction to illness • Assess behavioral changes: -emotional lability -mood changes ( fear, anger, depression) -assess effect on financial status, job

  9. Hemorrhagic-SubarachnoidCerebral Aneurysm • Warning Symptoms: sudden onset of a severe headache – “worst headache of one’s life” • Change of LOC, Neurological deficits, nausea, vomiting, seizures, stiff neck • Prognosis: many patients die or left with significant cognitive difficulties

  10. Diagnostic Tests • CAT scan • MRI/ MRA • SPECT (Single-photon emission computed tomography) • Carotid Doppler Studies • Angiography • Lumbar puncture • Glascow Coma Scale: monitor neurological status

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