Explore the Fascinating World of Cells!

1. All About Cells!

2. Big Idea: • Cells are the building blocks of life. They are the smallest thing that is considered ALIVE.

3. Let’s Review Cell Theory: • All living things are made up of at least 1 cell. • Cells are the smallestworking units of all living things. • All cells come from othercells.

4. 2 Main Types of Cells Prokaryotic Eukaryotic • Basic, single-celled organisms • No nucleus • No membrane-bound organelles • Ex: bacteria • Complex, multicellular organisms • Have nucleus • Have membrane-bound organelles • Come in 2 varieties- animal & plant cells

5. 2 Types of Eukaryotic Cells • Animal • Plant

6. Differences between Animal & Plant Cells Animal Cell • Shape= Circular • Only have Cell Membrane • Small Vacuole Plant Cell • Shape= Rectangular • Cell Membrane AND Cell Wall • Large Vacuole • Chloroplasts

7. Differences between Animal & Plant Cells Animal Cell Plant Cell

8. Cell Structure & Function *Know all organelles!

9. Surrounding the Cell • Cell Membrane (A+P) • Cell Wall (P)

10. Cell Membrane • Function: Outer membrane of cell that controls movement in and out of the cell • Nickname: none • Location: outside covering • BOTH http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

11. Cell Wall • Function: extra layer of support and protection • Nickname: none • Location: outside of cell membrane • PLANT ONLY http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

12. Inside the Cell

13. Cytoplasm • Function: hold all organelles in place • Nickname: “Gel-like” substance • Location: Surrounded by cell membrane • BOTH

14. Nucleus (new-clee-us) • Function: directs all cell activities • Nucleolus- dark spot in middle, helps make ribosomes • Chromatin- strands of DNA (genetic information found in the nucleus • Nickname: “control center” • Location: center of cell, separated from cytoplasm by nuclear membrane • BOTH

15. DNA • Function: provides genetic information for the cell • Chromatin- strands of DNA • Nickname: • Location: in the nucleus, which is the center of cell, separated from cytoplasm by nuclear membrane • BOTH

16. NUCLEAR MEMBRANE • Function: separates nucleus from cytoplasm • Nickname: N/A • Location: surrounds the nucleus, which is the center of cell • BOTH

18. Endoplasmic Reticulum • Function: moves materials around in cell • Nickname: “delivery system” of the cell • Location: in cytoplasm, surrounds nucleus • BOTH

19. Ribosomes (Ry-bosomes) • Function: make proteins • Nickname: none • Location: in cytoplasm, either loose or attached • BOTH

20. Mitochondria (Might-ocondria) • Function: produce energy through chemical reactions (breaking down fats & carbohydrates) • Nickname: “powerhouse” of the cell • Location: cytoplasm • BOTH

21. Golgi Bodies • Function: modify and package proteins so they can be transported in and out of the cell • Nickname: the “shippers” • Location: cytoplasm, near outer edge of cell • BOTH

22. Lysosome (Lice-osome) • Function: break down food for cell to use, and destroy old cell parts • Nickname: the “clean-up crew” • Location: cytoplasm (circular, but larger than ribosomes) • ANIMAL ONLY

23. Vacuole (Vack-u-ole) • Function: store water and items for digestion, and for waste removal • Nickname: “storage compartment” • Location: cytoplasm • BOTH *very large in plants, helps plants maintain shape

24. Chloroplast • Function: do photosynthesis (making chemical energy from sunlight); *chlorophyll; green pigment • Nickname: none • Location: cytoplasm • PLANT ONLY!

25. What type of cell is this?

26. What type of cell is this?