Chapter 22

1. Chapter 22 Section 4 Latin American Policies

3. isthmus – A narrow strip of land connecting 2 large bodies of water

4. The Panama Canal French efforts failed to build a canal. U.S. helped Panama gain their independence and they signed a treaty with Panama giving them land to build the canal.

5. Panama Canal Facts: • Built 1904 – 1914 • More than 25,000 men died while • building the canal due to malaria & • yellow fever. • 50 miles long, 100 feet – ½ mile wide • Ran by the U.S. for 99 years • Saved 7,000 miles

6. How did they fight the diseases…yellow fever and malaria? Colonel William Gorgas Army doctor went to Panama to fight diseases. How? 1.Drain swamps 2. Spray insecticides 3. Spread oil on stagnant pools of water 4. Cut grassy marshes in order to destroy mosquito breeding places

7. 3 Ways of Policing the Western Hemisphere Roosevelt Corollary U.S. claimed the right to intervene in the affairs of Latin America

8. William Howard Taft believed in… Dollar Diplomacy “Substituting dollars for bullets.”

9. Woodrow Wilson believed in… Moral Diplomacy “to teach the South American republics to elect good men.”

10. Relations with Mexico – Time Line 1900 – Poor country led by tiny group of rich landowners 1910 – Turbulent period 1911 – Francisco Madero led a revolt against brutal dictator Diaz 1913 – Madero killed by V. Huerta 1914 – Pres. Wilson ordered troops to seize port of Veracruz to strength Huerta’s rival, Carranza. Carranza took power.

11. Francisco “Pancho” Villa Launched an uprising against Carranza in 1916. He killed 16 Americans. He and his rebels crossed into New Mexico and burned the town of Columbus, killing 18 Americans.

12. General John Pershing Crossed the border into Mexico and searched for “Pancho” for one year. The people of Mexico protected him.