BRAIN SCAN

1. BRAIN SCAN • Brain scan is an interactive quiz for use as a revision/ learning reinforcement tool that accompanies the theory package. • To answer a question click the mouse on the gold diamond shapes. • To return to the questions from an answer slide click anywhere. • To progress click on ‘next question’.

2. BRAIN SCAN HEALTH & FITNESS NEXT QUESTION What is health? Long term energy, uses fat for energy, doesn’t last long,re-made quickly, for explosive energy. Immediate energy, uses ATP for energy, doesn’t last long,re-made quickly, for explosive energy. Immediate energy, uses ATP for energy, lasts long,re-made slowly, for explosive energy. Physical, mental, cultural & social well-being.

3. BRAIN SCAN HEALTH & FITNESS NEXT QUESTION What is fitness? Being able to cope with the demands of everyday life. How fit you are. Being able to cope with the demands of everyday life without being too tired. Being able to perform lots of exercise until you are tired.

4. BRAIN SCAN HEALTH & FITNESS NEXT QUESTION What is another name for general fitness? Skill related fitness. Specific fitness. Health related fitness Cross training.

5. BRAIN SCAN HEALTH & FITNESS NEXT QUESTION What is another name for skill related fitness? Specific sports related fitness. Stamina fitness. Agility fitness. General fitness.

6. BRAIN SCAN HEALTH & FITNESS NEXT QUESTION What are the 5 components of general fitness? Strength, speed, stamina, suppleness, structure. Strength, speed, specificity, suppleness, somatotype. Agility, balance, power, coordination, reaction time. Strength, speed, stamina, suppleness, somatotype.

7. BRAIN SCAN HEALTH & FITNESS NEXT QUESTION What are the components of specific fitness ? Agility, balance, power, coordination, reaction time. Strength, speed, stamina, suppleness, somatotype. Bone structure, physique, strength, power. Diet, physique, speed, flexibility.

8. BRAIN SCAN HEALTH & FITNESS NEXT QUESTION What is agility? The ability to contract muscles with speed and force. The ability to maintain equilibrium while still moving. The ability to change the direction of the body at speed. The ability to carry out several movements at once.

9. BRAIN SCAN HEALTH & FITNESS NEXT QUESTION What is power? The ability to change the direction of the body at speed. The ability to contract muscles with speed and force. The ability to carry out several movements at once. The ability to maintain equilibrium while still moving.

10. BRAIN SCAN HEALTH & FITNESS NEXT QUESTION What is strength? The ability of the muscles to contract with speed & force explosively. The ability of the muscles to keep working without getting tired. The ability of the muscles to carry out daily tasks by applying force. The ability to put body parts into action quickly.

11. BRAIN SCAN HEALTH & FITNESS NEXT QUESTION What is stamina? The ability to change the direction of the body at speed. The capacity of the body to carry the right amount of fat & muscle. The ability to work for long periods of time without getting tired. What type of physique that we have.

12. BRAIN SCAN HEALTH & FITNESS NEXT QUESTION What factors affect fitness? Age, sex, physique, disability,illness & fatigue,drugs, stress & the environment. Age, sex, physique, diet, exercise,illness & fatigue,drugs, the environment Age, sex, physique, diet, exercise,disability,illness & fatigue,drugs, stress & the environment. Age, sex, physique, diet, exercise,disability,illness & fatigue.

13. BRAIN SCAN HEALTH & FITNESS NEXT QUESTION What are the 3 main components of body build? Body type, body size, body composition. Bone density, muscle type, muscle size. Body type, body shape, body suppleness. Body weight, body size, fat storage.

14. BRAIN SCAN HEALTH & FITNESS NEXT QUESTION What are the 3 somatotypes? Mesomorph, mesoectomorph, endoectomorph. Ectomorph, ectomesomorph, endomesomorph Ectomorph, mesomorph, endomorph. Endomesomorph, ectomorph, mesomorph.

15. BRAIN SCAN HEALTH & FITNESS NEXT QUESTION There are 2 types of balance. What are they? Static & dynamometer Dynamic & stationary. Static & flamingo. Static & dynamic

16. BRAIN SCAN HEALTH & FITNESS NEXT QUESTION What is another name for flexibility? Flexion. Stiffness. Subtleness. Suppleness.

17. BRAIN SCAN HEALTH & FITNESS NEXT QUESTION What is reaction time? The ability to deflect stimulus quickly. How fast you see things happen. How long it takes you to feel something. The ability to respond to stimulus quickly.

18. BRAIN SCAN HEALTH & FITNESS NEXT QUESTION There are 2 types of reaction time. What are they? Simple & choice. Mixed & choice. Simple & complex. Mixed & complex.

19. BRAIN SCAN HEALTH & FITNESS NEXT QUESTION Which of the following describes an endomorph? Pear shaped body, wide hips & shoulders, square head, lot of muscle, wide front to back not side to side Narrow shaped body, hips & shoulders, round head, little fat, wide front to back not side to side. Pear shaped body, wide hips & shoulders, round head, lot of fat, wide front to back not side to side. Muscular body, wide hips & shoulders, round head, little fat, narrow front to back & side to side.

20. BRAIN SCAN HEALTH & FITNESS NEXT QUESTION There are 3 types of strength. What are they? Stationary, muscular, dynamic Isometric, isotonic, isokinetic. Hypertonic, isotonic, isokinetic. Static, dynamic, explosive.

21. EXTENSION QUESTIONS BRAIN SCAN EXAM QUESTIONS HEALTH & FITNESS There are 3 types of muscle contraction. What are they? END QUIZ Isometric, isotonic, isokinetic. Hypertonic, isotonic, isokinetic. Strong, weak & medium. Fast & slow twitch.

22. CORRECT!!!

23. INCORRECT!

24. EXTENSION QUESTIONS • What are the components of skill related (specific) fitness? • There are three types of strength static, dynamic, & explosive which types of muscle contraction occur when these types of strength are needed? • What happens to our fitness levels as we get older? • Why would it be an advantage to have a naturally high VO2 max? • What is an isokinetic contraction & why are they uncommon in sport? ANSWERS

25. EXAM QUESTIONS • What do you understand by the term cardio-vascular fitness? (2 marks) • What do you understand by the term flexibility? (2 marks) • Explain why a muscular person (mesomorph) might start with an advantage in sport & physical activity. Give examples. (5 marks) • Give another name for stamina. (1 mark) • Name 2 physical activities suitable for improving stamina. (2 marks) • What effect can physique have upon physical performance? Give 2 examples to illustrate your answer. (5 marks) • What advice would you give to a physically unfit person who wanted to take up exercise? (3 marks) • Strength is 1 component of fitness name the other 4 components. (4 marks) • What is dynamic strength & give 2 examples of physical activities which use it? (4 marks) • What is the meaning of the term ‘physique’? (1 mark) • What is the usual physique for: a long distance runner & a shot putter? (2 marks) • How can the fat content of the body be measured & give 2 reasons for taking this measurement? (3 marks) • Apart from speed, name one other component of fitness. (1 mark) • Name 2 activities in which speed is important. (2 marks) MORE QUESTIONS ANSWERS

26. MORE EXAM QUESTIONS • Give 3 effects of ageing on physical fitness. (3 marks) • Give 3 examples of static strength. (3 marks) • What is muscular stamina & how might it be improved? (4 marks) • What is the meaning of the term physical fitness. (2 marks) • Give 2 causes of poor physical fitness. (2 marks) • List any 4 dangers of vigorous exercise on an unfit body. (4 marks) • Explain the difference between isometric & isotonic exercise. (2 marks) • Name 3 types of strength. (3 marks) • Give 2 signs of fatigue. (2 marks) • Which type of stamina is best suited to games such as soccer & hockey & give reasons for your answer. (5 marks) • Use examples to show why the performance of women in sport & physical activity can be different from that of men. (5 marks) • Give 1 physical activity in which agility is important. (1 mark) • Name 2 senses involved in physical activity. (2 marks) • Why are quick reactions important & give examples from 2 physical activities. (3 marks) EVEN MORE QUESTIONS MORE ANSWERS

27. EVEN MORE QUESTIONS • Ectomorph is 1 body type. Name 2 others. (2 marks) • Name 1 organ in the body which is important for general physical fitness. (1 mark) • Give 2 physical activities for which general physical fitness is important. (2 marks) • Name 1 somatotype & state what are the advantages of this for physical activities. (4 marks) • What is suppleness? (1 mark) • Give 2 factors that affect suppleness. (2 marks) • Define balance. Use examples to show how balance might be demonstrated in different physical activities. (4 marks) • Give 2 types of strength. (2 marks) • What is stress & how can it affect performance in physical activities? (4 marks) • Give another name for fatigue. (1 mark) • Give 2 types of stamina. (2 marks) EVEN MORE ANSWERS

28. EXTENSION ANSWERS • Balance, coordination, reaction time, agility, power. • Isometric contractions are needed for static strength while dynamic & explosive strength require isotonic contractions. • Muscles get weaker, bones get lighter, heart rate decreases, joints stiffen, movement is slower, body fat increases • If you have high VO2 Max. You can use more oxygen than others which means you have greater stamina, can work for longer & don’t suffer from fatigue as much as others. • Isokinetic contractions take place at a constant speed. This can only be done with specialist machinery that can control our movement. This machinery is expensive & is usually used during injury rehabilitation. Otherwise this kind of contraction doesn’t occur in sports.

29. EXAM ANSWERS • Stamina of the heart. Its ability to work without getting tired. • The range of movement around a joint. • Physical activity requires movement therefore rely on muscles. A mesomorph has an advantage by having greater strength, speed & stamina due to greater force potential. A lack of fat gives greater effciency of movement & use of energy e.g a gymnast or a sprinter. • Endurance. • Long distance running/ swimming (any sport /physical activity that is of long duration & steady state.) • Events requiring speed & power need a muscular physique (mesomorph) as quick & powerful movement will be most efficient with muscles. Gymnasts have lean muscular bodies to cope with the demands of the sport. Ectomorphs tend to be very lean enabling them to be highly efficient as they carry little weight which helps with stamina like a long distance runner. Endomorphs carry a lot of weight generally for short duration strength type sports like sumo wrestling/ shot putting/ power lifting. • Start slowly,don’t do too much, warm up & cool down, if you feel sick or dizzy stop, build up gradually & get plenty of rest between exercises & sessions. • Speed, stamina, suppleness, somatotype. • Strength used to keep us moving over long periods. Swimming, running, cycling (any sport/physical activity that requires constant movement.) • Somatotype/body composition/body build - body type, size, composition. • Ectomorph & endomorph • Skin fold calliper test. Monitor the % of body fat for performance & check muscle to weight ratio. • Stamina, suppleness, strength, somatotype. • Sprinting, boxing, football ( any sport requiring quick movement)

30. MORE EXAM ANSWERS • Muscles get weaker, bones get lighter, heart rate decreases, joints stiffen, slower movement & increased body fat. • Holding a handstand, balancing on 1 foot, the point before a scrum is contested, holding a bow drawn before arrow release, aiming a rifle while shooting (any other relevant examples) • The ability of muscles to continue to work without getting tired. Working a muscle continuously for long periods with little rest. • The body’s ability to cope with everyday activity without getting too tired with enough energy left over for emergencies. • Poor diet, lack of exercise, drug taking, the environment. • Injury, sickness, overtraining, exhaustion, overheating, death. • Isometric contractions use static strength while isotonic contractions use dynamic strength. • Dynamic, static & explosive. • Slow movement, less concentration, pain & a drop in performance. • Cardio-vascular endurance as you have to provide oxygen to working muscles for long periods of time. The better this is the better performance as maximum heart rate is reached later therefore anaerobic threshold reached later & fatigue held at bay for longer. Muscular endurance as they work continuously for long periods of time. The more efficient they are at using energy the more is conserved so muscular contractions will continue for longer before fatigue sets in. • Males are 50 % stronger due to testosterone therefore better at weight lifting. They are better at carrying oxygen therefore better times in long distance running. A narrower pelvis in men with longer bones & muscles generate more force & speed e.g sprinting. Females are more flexible which is more suited for floor/beam exercises in gymnastics. • Football (anything that needs the ability to turn quickly) • Sight, sound & touch. • To be able to respond to a stimulus quickly e.g goalkeeper making a save, boxer moving away from a punch & a sprinter reacting to the start pistol.

31. EVEN MORE ANSWERS • Mesomorph, endomorph. • Heart , lungs. • Running, cycling & swimming. • Mesomorph - little fat, lots of muscle which is good for strength, speed & power. Ectomorph - thin & light weight, narrow good for stamina events. Endomorph - large body, weight which is good for strength & power events. • Flexibility/ mobility. • Length of muscle, gender, warmth of muscle, injury. • The ability to maintain equilibrium whilst static/moving e.g holding as handstand in gymnastics, staying upright whilst running with a football in varying directions, staying upright on a moving skateboard/ surf board. • Static, dynamic & explosive. • Stress is mental pressure which can cause tension or a lack of concentration/ nerves causing mistakes. • Tiredness. • Cardio respiratory & muscular.