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Adolescent Work History and Development: Pros and Cons, Occupational Choice, Federal Regulations

Explore the evolving work history of adolescents from pre-industrialization to the 20th century, focusing on the impact of work on adolescent development. Delve into occupational choice stages, influences, and federal regulations for adolescent workers. Understand the pros and cons of adolescent work, occupational goals, and the importance of volunteer work for adolescents. Discover how work and volunteer activities influence adolescents psychologically and behaviorally.

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Adolescent Work History and Development: Pros and Cons, Occupational Choice, Federal Regulations

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  1. Contemporary Adolescence Chapter 13: Work

  2. History of adolescent work • Before 1900 • Pre-industrialized • Boys farmed in preparation to take over as adults • Girls worked in the home and with domesticated animals • Industrialization • Factories, mines, and processing plants • Higher amounts of injuries for adolescents • 20th century • More focus on reducing child labor • Particularly after WW II, focus was on keeping adolescents in school

  3. Work and adolescent development • Psychological functioning • Adolescents that work >10 hrs/wk: • Work is not necessarily a bad thing:

  4. Work and adolescent development • Problem behavior • Adolescents who work long hours may already be prone to substance abuse and the more hours they work, the more substances they are at risk of using • Occupational deviance: acts committed in relations to the workplace, like stealing supplies

  5. Pros and Cons of work

  6. Occupational choice • Development of occupational goals • Crystallization (14-18 yrs): • Specification (18-21): • Implementation (21-24): • Stabilization (25-35): • Consolidation (35- ):

  7. Occupational choice • Compromise with Reality Therapy • Fantasy stage • Tentative stage • Realistic stage

  8. Influences on occupational goals • Personality characteristics (John Holland) • Realistic • Intellectual • Social • Conventional • Enterprising • Artistic

  9. Other influences on occupational choice • Intelligence • Aptitudes and special abilities • Interests • Job opportunities • Salary • Prestige

  10. Federal limits on 14 & 15 yr olds • Cannot work in manufacturing, processing, mining • Cannot work in transportation, construction, warehouse • Cannot use power-driven machinery • During school: • Cannot work during school hours • Cannot work more than 18 hours/wk • Cannot work more than 3 hours/day • Hours restricted to 7 am to 7 pm • During summer: • Cannot work more than 40 hrs/wk • Cannot work more than 8 hrs/day • Hours restricted to 7 am to 9 pm

  11. Federal limits on 16 & 17 yr olds • Cannot work with hazardous materials • Cannot operate motor vehicles • Cannot work in most excavating or demolition jobs • Cannot work in mines • Cannot work in slaughterhouses

  12. Volunteer work • Adolescents who volunteer: • Motivation can be individualistic as well as collectivistic • Generally, there is a positive effect both current and longitudinally for adolescents who volunteer

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