Metals, Metalloids, and Nonmetals

1. Metals, Metalloids, and Nonmetals

2. Metals • Shiny • Solids (at room temp) • Malleable – can be hammered flat • Ductile – can be pulled into wire • High Conductivity – ability to transfer heat or electricity to another object

3. Reactivity of Metals Low High Metals will usually lose electrons when they react with other elements

4. Alkali Metals • Metals in Group 1 • Often lose an electron when they react with other elements • Rare to find them in their pure form because they are so reactive • Very shiny and soft • Example: Lithium batteries Potassium in its pure form

5. Alkaline Earth Metals • Group 2 • Hard, gray-white, good conductor of electricity • Lose 2 electrons when they react with other elements • Hard to find in pure form. • Example: Calcium in your teeth • and bones. Calcium in its pure form

6. Transition Metals • Groups 3 – 12 • Hard, shiny, good conductors of electricity • Can form colorful compounds • Less reactive • Examples: iron, gold, copper, nickel Pure iron Pure copper

7. Groups 13-15 • Only some are metals • Not very reactive • Examples: aluminum, tin, lead Pure aluminum Pure lead

8. Lanthanides • 1st row below the Periodic Table • Soft, malleable, shiny metals • Often mixed with other metals to make alloys Pure cerium Pure Samarium

9. Actinides • 2nd row below the Periodic Table • Only the first six naturally occur on Earth • The other elements are synthetic and unstable • Some only exists for a few seconds after being made Depleted uranium

10. Assignment • Go on a metal scavenger hunt at your house, school, etc… • Make a list of 10 metals you find • Identify each metal and the group it belongs to. • You cannot write down the same metal more than twice! Example