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Understanding Clauses and Phrases in English Grammar

A clause is a group of words with a subject and a verb, classified into independent and subordinate clauses. Subordinate clauses are introduced by subordinating conjunctions. A phrase is a group of words without a subject and a verb, such as prepositional, noun, verb, gerund, and infinitive phrases.

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Understanding Clauses and Phrases in English Grammar

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  1. Kinds of Clauses

  2. What is a clause ? • A clause is a group of words that contain both a subject and a verb. • It is divided into two types . Independent or main clause :- It expresses a complete thought and forms a sentence . The weather is good .

  3. • Subordinate or dependent clause :- • It contains a subject and a verb but does not express a complete thought and it can’t stand alone as a sentence . • Subordinate clauses are often introduced by subordinating conjunctions such as :-although , If , because , after ,before ,how , why . that .when .while .as .since ,despite *Although the days are cool (this is a subordinate clause because it started with a subordinating conjunction ,the meaning is not complete although there is a subject and a verb .)

  4. • Although the days are cool , the sun is visible longer . Subordinate or dependent , main or independent clause clause While she was cooking , her friend came to visit her . Subordinate or dependent , main or independent clause clause

  5. What is a phrase ? • A phrase is any group of words that doesn’t include a subject and a verb . • Prepositional phrase :-Started with a preposition . • She was lost in the dark nights. • Prepositional phrase • Noun phrase :- It was a story as old as time . • NP

  6. • Verb phrase :-Started with a verb . • He was waiting for the rain to stop . • VP • Gerund :- Taking my dog for a walk is fun . • Infinitive :- Started with infinitive to . • To make lemonade ,you have to start with lemon . • Infinitive phrase

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