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Planning Instruction by Analyzing Classroom and Student Needs. Chapter 5 Including Students with Special Needs. The INCLUDE Strategy. Student performance is the result of an interaction between the student and the instructional environment
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Planning Instruction by Analyzing Classroom and Student Needs Chapter 5 Including Students with Special Needs
The INCLUDE Strategy • Student performance is the result of an interaction between the student and the instructional environment • Carefully examining and analyzing students’ learning needs and the specific demands of the classroom environment, teachers can reasonably accommodate most students with special needs in the classroom.
The INCLUDE Strategy • Identify classroom demands • Note student learning strengths and needs • Check for potential areas of student success • Look for potential problem areas • Use information to brainstorm adaptations • Decide which adaptations to use • Evaluate strategy effectiveness
Step 1: Identify Classroom Demands • Classroom organization • Physical organization • Classroom routines • Classroom climate • Classroom rules and monitoring • Use of time • Classroom grouping • Whole • Small • One-to-one
Step 1: Identify Classroom • Instructional materials • Textbooks • Manipulatives and models • Computers • Assistive technology • Instructional methods • Direct instruction • Indirect instruction (inquiry learning) • Scaffolding • Independent student practice (homework) • Evaluation of student performance
Step 2: Note Student Learning Strengths and Needs • Academics • Social-emotional development • Physical development
Step 3: Check for Potential Areas of Student Success • Analyze student strengths • Success enhances self-image and motivation
Step 4: Look for Potential Problem Areas • Review learning needs within a particular instructional context and potential mismatches are identified
Step 5: Use Information to Brainstorm Adaptations • Accommodations (stays the same) • Services or supports provided to help students gain full access to class content and instruction. • Modifications (changes) • Made when the content expectations are altered and the performance outcomes expected of students change.
Step 6: Decide Which Adaptations to Implement • Select age appropriate adaptations • Select the easiest adaptations first • Select adaptations you agree with • Select adaptations with demonstrated effectiveness
Step 7: Evaluate Student Progress • Evaluate strategy effectiveness • Track through: • Grades • Observations • Analysis of student work • Portfolios • Performance assessments • Teacher, parent, student ratings