Do Now

1. Do Now • What are some misconceptions about depression? • Does “Social Media Depression” exist? • What is the difference between risk factors and warning signs?

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3. Misconceptions • Depression is just a feeling; you can snap out of it if you try hard enough. • Only a few "crazy" people really get depressed. • Depression only occurs when bad things happen. • It's easy to make yourself feel better. • There's nothing you can do to treat depression. • Only adults suffer from depression. • Therapy's just lying on a couch talking about your childhood. • Antidepressants can help anybody with depression. • There are no outward signs of depression. • People dealing with depression never experience extreme highs.

4. Warning Signs Risk Factors • Predictors of suicidal actions. • Action and spoken words of hopelessness, anger and other mixed emotions. • Acting anxious or agitated; behaving recklessly • Sleeping too little or too much • Withdrawing or feeling isolated • Showing rage or talking about seeking revenge • Displaying extreme mood swings • Factors that increase the risk of suicide include psychiatric disorders, drug misuse, psychological states, cultural, family and social situations, and genetics. • Problems with school or the law • Breakup of a romance • Unexpected pregnancy • Stress due to new situations; college or relocating to a new community • Failing in school or failing to pass an important test • A serious illness or injury to oneself

5. Warning sign or Risk Factor? • Talking about wanting to die or to kill oneself • Warning sign • Giving away possessions • Warning sign • Major loss...of a loved one, a home, divorce in the family, a trauma, a relationship • Risk factor • Previous Suicide Attempt • Risk factor • Looking for a way to kill oneself, such as searching online or buying a gun • Warning sign • A stressful family life. (having parents who are depressed or are substance abusers, or a family history of suicide • Risk factor • Talking about feeling hopeless or having no reason to live • Warning sign • Talking about being a burden to others • Warning sign • Seriously injuring another person or causing another person's death (example: automobile accident) • Risk factor • Increasing the use of alcohol or drugs • Warning sign

6. Depression Depression is a whole body illness that affects a person's physical health as well as how he or she feels, thinks, and behaves towards others. May be described as feeling sad, blue, unhappy, miserable, or down in the dumps. Most of us feel this way at one time or another for short periods.

7. Causes • Biological and emotional. • Research over the past decade strongly suggests a genetic link to depressive disorders; depression can run in families. • Difficult life experiences and certain personal patterns: • Child abuse • Traumatic life events • Difficulty handling stress • Low self-esteem • Extreme doubt about the future can increase the chances of becoming depressed.

8. How common is it? • Of the estimated 17.5 million Americans who are affected by some form of depression, 9.2 million have major or clinical depression • Two-thirds of people suffering from depression do not seek necessary treatment • 80% of all people with clinical depression who have received treatment significantly improve their lives • The economic cost of depression is estimated at $30.4 billion a year • Women experience depression about twice as often as men • One-fourth of all women and one-eighth of all men will suffer at least one episode or occurrence of depression during their lifetimes.

9. Signs and Symptoms of Depression • Depressed mood (sad, grouchy, or irritable) • Change in sleeping patterns (too much, too little or disturbed) • Change in appetite or weight (decreased or increased) • Lethargic attitude (slow) • Loss of interest in usual activities • Withdrawal from friends and family • Feelings of despair/hopelessness • Thoughts of death, wishes to be dead or suicide

10. Different Types of Depression • Clinical Depression • Post partum • Bi Polar depression • Seasonal depression

11. Clinical Depression Definition • Is a mood disorder in which feelings of sadness, loss, anger, or frustration interfere with everyday life for weeks or longer. • Approximately 3 to 5 percent of the teen population experiences clinical depression every year. That means among 25 friends, 1 could be clinically depressed.

12. Post Partum Definition Causes & Risk Factors • Is moderate to severe depression in a woman after she has given birth. It may occur soon after delivery or up to a year later. Most of the time, it occurs within the first 3 months after delivery. • Mood changes during pregnancy, especially after delivery. These mood changes may be caused by changes in hormone levels. • Changes in your body from pregnancy and delivery • Changes in work and social relationships • Having less time and freedom for yourself • Lack of sleep • Worries about your ability as a mother

13. Bi-Polar Depression Definition • Causes serious shifts in mood, energy, thinking, and behavior–from the highs of mania on one extreme, to the lows of depression on the other. • More than just a good or bad mood, the cycles of bipolar disorder last for days, weeks, or months. • The mood changes of bipolar disorder are so intense that they interfere with your ability to function.

14. Seasonal Depression Definition • Often called seasonal affective disorder (SAD), is a depression that occurs each year at the same time, usually starting in fall or winter and ending in spring or early summer. • It is more than just "the winter blues" or "cabin fever." • A rare form of SAD known as "summer depression," begins in late spring or early summer and ends in fall.

15. Can Depression be treated? • Yes, depression is treatable. • Between 80 and 90 percent of people with depression—even the most serious forms—can be helped. • Forms of treatment: • Anti-depressant medicines • Gain quick symptom relief • Psychotherapy • Learn more effective ways to deal with life’s problems • Combined treatment • The most important step toward overcoming depression—and sometimes the most difficult—is asking for help.

16. If you or a friend are suffering and don’t know where to turn... • Talk to SOMEONE... • A professional at a mental health center or Mental Health Association • A trusted family member • Your family doctor • Your clergy • A school counselor, teacher, coach or nurse • A social worker • A trusted responsible adult • Or the many different available hotlines… • Example: Call the Nineline.org’s 24-hour hotline for children and teens at 1-800-999-9999. It’s free, confidential, and always available.

17. Suicide Prevention: What Can You Do? For youth between the ages of 10 and 24, suicide is the third leading cause of death. - Center for Disease Control and Prevention Each year, approximately 149,000 youth between the ages of 10 and 24 receive medical care for self-inflicted injuries at Emergency Departments across the U.S. -Center for Disease Control and Prevention

18. True or false • People who talk about suicide won't really do it.  • False • Almost everyone who commits or attempts suicide has given some clue or warning. Do not ignore suicide threats. Statements like "you'll be sorry when I'm dead," "I can't see any way out," — no matter how casually or jokingly said may indicate serious suicidal feelings.

19. Anyone who tries to kill him/herself must be crazy.  • False • Most suicidal people are not psychotic or insane. They must be upset, grief-stricken, depressed or despairing, but extreme distress and emotional pain are not necessarily signs of mental illness.

20. If a person is determined to kill him/herself, nothing is going to stop them.  • False • Even the most severely depressed person has mixed feelings about death, wavering until the very last moment between wanting to live and wanting to die. Most suicidal people do not want death; they want the pain to stop. The impulse to end it all, however overpowering, does not last forever.

21. People who commit suicide are people who were unwilling to seek help.  • False • Studies of suicide victims have shown that more than half had sought medical help in the six months prior to their deaths.

22. Talking about suicide may give someone the idea.  • False • You don't give a suicidal person morbid ideas by talking about suicide. The opposite is true — bringing up the subject of suicide and discussing it openly is one of the most helpful things you can do.

23. Suicidal Risk Factors • A history of… • Mental disorders • Abuse; child, • physical & emotional sexual • Alcohol & substance • (particularly depression)

24. Suicidal Risk Factors • Feelings of… • Hopelessness • Impulsive/aggressive tendencies • Isolation • Being cut-off from others • Being left out • Physical illness • Depression due to current illness

25. Suicidal Risk Factors • Easy access to lethal means… • Firearms • Poisons/medications • Suffocation • Problems with… • School • Law • Not getting help because of the stigma attached to Mental Health disorders.

26. Side Note • These factors can put a young person at risk for suicide. However, having these risk factors does not always mean that suicide will occur. Center for Disease Control and Health,2011

27. Warning signs • 1Talking or writing about suicide or death • 2 Isolating themselves from friends and family • 3 Neglecting his or her appearance and hygiene • 4 Believing that their life is meaningless

28. Warning signs • 5 Giving away prized possessions • 6 Obtaining a weapon, medication or drugs • 7 Dropping out of school or social, athletic, and/or community activities • 8 Exhibiting a sudden unexplained improvement in mood after being depressed

29. Other Warning signs? • Changes in eating habits • Poor school performance • Dramatic personality changes

30. Side Note • These may also occur in people who are not suicidal, but more often they will be seen in combinations with teens who are having suicidal thoughts. Medicinenet.com 2009

31. Here’s what you should do! Journal of the American Medical Association

32. Every year, almost one million people die from suicide; a "global" mortality rate of 16 per 100,000, or one death every 40 seconds. - World Health Organization

34. References • Apter, A. , & Bertolote, J. , & Beautrais, A. (2005). Suicide Prevention • Strategies. The Journal of American Medical Association, 296, 16, 2064-2074. doi: 10.1001/jama.294.16.2064 • Brent A., D. , & Mann, J. (2006). Familial Pathways to Suicidal Behavior • Understanding and Preventing Suicide among Adolescents. The New England Journal of Medicine, 355, 2719-2721. • Center for Disease Control and Prevention • World Health Organization • www.medicinenet.com