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The Victorian Era. Chandler Wheat and Scott Rumsey . London. Start of Victorian era- London’s population grows by 5 million within 100 years. Industrial revolution- droves of unemployed laborers, slums, and coal soot everywhere. Disease and basic sanitation where huge problems
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The Victorian Era Chandler Wheat and Scott Rumsey
London • Start of Victorian era- London’s population grows by 5 million within 100 years. • Industrial revolution- droves of unemployed laborers, slums, and coal soot everywhere. • Disease and basic sanitation where huge problems • Victorian era was a time of major construction for London- Big Ben, great exhibition of 1851, 1863 first underground railway
The Great Stink • Summer 1858 • Created by invention of flush toilets • Volume exceeded systems capacity and everything overflowed. • The stench was said to be almost too much to bear • Cholera outbreaks • Abnormally hot summer increased bacteria growth
The Victorian Thames -The Thames was repulsive and disgusting. -Sewage and waste from London went directly into the Thames. -The river, “an opaque pale brown fluid,” bore an odor that permeated the city. -Also referred to as Aqua Mortis, the water from the Thames caused hundreds, if not thousands of deaths, during the Victorian Era. -Cholera, Scrofula, Diphtheria, etc. were rampant.
A leisure source? • The River Thames was not just a river of death, but a river of recreation and trade. • Those who could afford it could ride the railways along the river to towns such as Reading or Oxford. • Others rented small rowboats and cruised the river. • The Oxford and Cambridge Boat Regatta was born in this manner. • With 47 locks, 191 miles are navigable by barge, providing excellent trade by waterway.
Improvements -Perhaps the most influential person in cleaning the Thames was Professor Faraday. -Faraday dropped a card into the Thames. After only a few seconds the paper disappeared under the water due to the pollution. -Faraday made his concerns public in the form of letters to major printing companies. • 1861 Embankments • Designed and directed by Joseph Bazelgette • Significantly narrowed the river, speeding its flow. • The raw sewage was carried away much more quickly, reducing the odor and making the water safer. • Replaced previous tidal foreshores, making the river much less perceptible to flooding. • Allowed for more building space