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This section of your notebook explores the spread of Christianity in Northern Europe during the medieval period following the fall of Western Rome. Learn about the transition from indigenous tribal beliefs to Christianity, focusing on key figures such as St. Patrick and St. Augustine, and their missionary efforts. Understand the role of monasteries led by monks who helped in the conversion and education of local populations. The impact of leaders like Clovis I and Charlemagne on the Christianization of Gaul, England, and Germany is also highlighted.
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Do Now • Set up the new section of your notebook called “Medieval Europe.” • Don’t forget to make a title page with the title “Medieval Europe.” • Create a Table of Contents for your new section.
Christianity spreads North (“Civilizing” the North) How did Christianity Spread to Northern Europe?
“Civilizing” the North How did Christianity Spread to Northern Europe?
Vocabulary Terms • Missionary • Britain • Convert • Saint • St. Patrick • Monasteries • Monks • Benedictine Rule
I. Before Christianity • At the time of the collapse of Rome, Northern Europe consisted of many tribal societies • The two major groups in this region were the Celts and the Germanic Tribes • The Celts worshiped nature through the guidance of theirDruid class (religious elite) • The Germanic Tribes were polytheistic, with gods such as Thor and Odin
II. MissionaryMovements • Several Popes sent missionaries into the North to teach about Christianity • The goal was to convert these groups to Christianity, in particular Roman Catholicism • Many of these missionaries were granted Sainthood for their efforts • Lived among the people they sought to convert • One such Saint was Patrick who is credited with converting the Irish peoples
III. Monksand Monasteries • Monasteries were religious communities built throughout Europe • Monks lived in these monasteries separate from secular (non-religious) life • In the Early 500’s A.D., a monk named Benedict created a set of rules, the Benedictine Rule, to guide life in the monastery • Monks would help aid the poor, provide health care, copied books and advised local nobility
IV. France, England & Germany • A. France (Gaul) • Clovis I, of the Franks, converted to Christianity in 496 A.D., likely to strengthen his legitimacy with the old Gallo-Roman Elites living in Gaul. • Charlemagne (700s) was a Christian King who led the Franks in building a huge empire covering modern France, Germany, Austria, Italy and Northern Spain through war. • December 25, 800 Charlemagne was crowned Holy Roman Emperor by Pope Leo III. Unified people as Europeans. • Built schools at Acachen (his capital) in Western Germany. • B. England - Saint Augustine was sent to Britain to convert the Anglo-Saxons in the early 600’s A.D. • C. Germany - In 723 A.D. Saint Boniface felled Thor’s Oak in Germany, which was a key event in the conversion of that nation.
