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Understanding Sensory Receptors and Pain: Phantom and Referred Pain Explained

This lesson focuses on identifying and explaining various types of sensory receptors, along with the concepts of referred and phantom pain. Students will work in groups to read and summarize relevant articles, comparing acute and chronic pain characteristics. The session will also involve activities to illustrate the function of different receptors, like thermoreceptors and nociceptors, enhancing understanding of how our body interprets sensations. A discussion on treatments, including mirror therapy for phantom pain, will round out the learning experience.

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Understanding Sensory Receptors and Pain: Phantom and Referred Pain Explained

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  1. Do Now • Get into a group of 3 with the people who have the same Case # as you on their Do Now paper. • Read the article and summarize it as a group. Choose someone to speak for your group!

  2. Objectives • Identify and explain the different types of sensory receptors. • Explain referred and phantom pain. • Compare and contrast acute and chronic pain.

  3. Special Senses 10.1-10.4

  4. Phantom pain • The sensation of pain in a limb that has been amputated. • Causes aren’t completely understood • damaged nerve endings, scar tissue at the site of the amputation and the physical memory of pre-amputation pain in the affected area http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YL_6OMPywnQ

  5. Do Now • What is phantom pain? • What causes it? • What is mirror therapy? • How else could someone alleviate this pain?

  6. Objectives • Identify and explain the different types of sensory receptors. • Explain referred and phantom pain. • Compare and contrast acute and chronic pain.

  7. Phantom Pain • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hlQZmNlPdHQ

  8. Receptors & Sensations Sensation • formed based on the sensory input from receptors • how brain interprets it • Projection • Brain sends the sensation back to its point of origin • person can pinpoint the area of stimulation

  9. Receptive fields • Remember the 2 point discrimination in the lab? • Which part of your body had a larger receptive field?

  10. Sensory adaptation • Before reading this sentence, could you feel your clothes on your skin? • The ability to ignore unimportant stimuli is called sensory adaptation.

  11. Receptor categories • Somatic senses • touch, pressure, pain • Specialized senses • smell, taste, hearing, equilibrium, vision

  12. Somatic receptors • Chemoreceptors • Thermoreceptors • Photoreceptors • Mechanoreceptors • Pain receptors (Nociceptors)

  13. chemoreceptors • respond to changes in chemical concentrations • Ex: Monitor CO2 levels in blood and pH

  14. Thermoreceptors • Respond to changes in temperature

  15. Thermoreceptor activity • Place your pointer finger on your right hand in cold water and the same finger on your left hand in warm water. • Leave them in there for 1 minute • Now place them both in the room temperature water. • 

  16. Photoreceptors • Responds to light • Rods- respond to light • Cones- respond to colors

  17. Photoreceptor activity • Hold the ends of a pencil, one in each hand. Hold them horizontally facing each other at arms-length from your body. • 2. With one eye closed, try to touch the end of the pencils together. • 3. Now try with two eyes. • What did you experience?

  18. mechanoreceptors Free nerve endings • common in epithelial tissues • simplest receptors • sense itching Meissner’s corpuscles • abundant in hairless portions of skin; lips • detect fine touch; distinguish between two points on the skin Pacinian corpuscles • common in deeper subcutaneous tissues, tendons, and ligaments • detect heavy pressure and vibrations

  19. Pain receptors • “Nociceptors”- • found on free nerve endings • Respond to tissue damage Pain receptor clip: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/anatomyvideos/000054.htm

  20. Acute vs. chronic pain • Acute pain fibers: • Relatively thin, myelinated • Rapid impulse conduction, causing sharp pain • Chronic pain fibers: • Thin, unmyelinated • Conduct impulses slowly, produce a dull aching sensation

  21. Referred pain • may occur due to sensory impulses from two regions following a common nerve pathway to brain • Ex: • Someone experiencing a heart attack may feel pain in their left shoulder

  22. Review • What receptors detect deep pressure? • What is the difference between acute and chronic pain? • Where do you have the most receptive fields? **Monday- bring your books and notes to class! We are going to start reviewing for midterms.

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