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Streams (Rivers)

Streams (Rivers). Sci 6.1. Runoff:. H 2 0 that does not sink into ground Most ends up in streams. How much, depends on terrain + amount of precip. Assume same precipitation for both. Which place would have More runoff?. Assume same precipitation for both. Which place would have

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Streams (Rivers)

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  1. Streams (Rivers) Sci 6.1

  2. Runoff: • H20 that does not sink into ground • Most ends up in streams

  3. How much, depends on terrain + amount of precip. Assume same precipitation for both. Which place would have More runoff?

  4. Assume same precipitation for both. Which place would have More runoff?

  5. Assume same precipitation for both. Which place would have More runoff?

  6. Question 1

  7. People can increase runoff by: • Removing vegetation (road building, bad farming, clear cutting)

  8. Clear cut forest in Canada

  9. Building large parking lots/buildings

  10. Silt fence Water retention pond

  11. Question 2

  12. Extra runoff can lead to: • Loss of top soil • Aquifers not being replenished (wells going dry) • Flooding downstream

  13. Question 3

  14. Load: • Sediment carried by water • Faster moving water carries more load

  15. Question 4

  16. 3 main types of load: • Dissolved: minerals like NaCl • Suspended: silt, clay (makes water look muddy) • Bed: sand, gravel Dissolved Suspended Bed

  17. Question 5

  18. Types of streams: • Meandering streams: on low slopes, fine sediment

  19. Question 6

  20. Point bar: sediment deposited in slow water

  21. Cut bank: where sediment is carried away in fast water slow fast Draw and label fast slow slow fast

  22. Oxbow lake: remnant of stream

  23. Question 7

  24. 2. Braided streams: bars and islands in middle

  25. 3. Mountain stream: steep slope, no floodplain, straighter

  26. Question 8

  27. Drainage basin/Watershed: • area drained by a stream

  28. Divide: • separates basins • Ex.: Rocky Mnts. called Continental Divide

  29. Question 9

  30. North Carolina river basins

  31. Question 10

  32. Tributary: • smaller stream that empties into a larger one

  33. Question 11

  34. Canyon formation: • River cuts down as land is uplifted

  35. Uplift of the Colorado Plateaus forced rivers to cut down faster

  36. Question 12

  37. Stream Deposition: produces produces erosion load deposition

  38. Question 13

  39. Delta: • Sediment deposition when stream reaches its base level

  40. Question 14

  41. Alluvial fan: • deposition when a stream flattens out

  42. Question 15

  43. Stream discharge: • Volume of water flowing in m3/s (or cfm)

  44. Floodplain: • Land next to stream that floods periodically

  45. Question 16

  46. Dealing with floods.

  47. 1. Levees: • ridges (natural or artificial ) that contain a stream

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