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Warming up of the Cold War

Warming up of the Cold War. United Nations. New International peace keeping organization 191 members today

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Warming up of the Cold War

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  1. Warming up of the Cold War

  2. United Nations • New International peace keeping organization • 191 members today • Membership in the United Nations is open to all peace-loving states which accept the obligations of the Charter and, in the judgement of the Organization, are willing and able to carry out these obligations.

  3. Battle for territory • Poland issue: Elections • United States: • Roosevelt passes away, Truman becomes President • Wanted to bring democracy and economic opportunity to Europe • Open up new markets • Soviet Union: • Rebuild to protect their interest • Satellite nations to serve as buffer zones against attacks

  4. Soviet Union gains ground • Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, • Iron Curtain has fallen • Communist domination and oppression

  5. United States: Containment • Resist attempts to form Communist governments elsewhere in the world • Critics say policy is too moderate • Kennan: argued that the Soviet system bears within it the seeds of its own decay • Truman Doctrine: • “…. It must be the policy of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures. I believe that we must assist free peoples to work out their own destinies in their own way.”

  6. Entering the Atomic Age • Atomic Bomb • Catastrophic nuclear was war became a backdrop to the Cold War policies of both the United States and the Soviet Union • http://video.google.com/videosearch?hl=en&rls=GWYG,GWYG:2006-34,GWYG:en&sa=N&resnum=0&q=Atomic%20Bomb&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&tab=wv

  7. Marshall Plan • Help restore the war-torn nations of Europe to create stable democracies and achieve economic recovery • 21 million homeless • Poland: lost 20% of population • 1 of 5 houses in France lost • U.S. sent $13 billion in grants and loans to Western Europe

  8. Berlin airlift • Background: Germany was split into 4 regions between U.S., Britain, France & Russia • France, G.B. & U.S. create Federal Republic of Germany • Russia responds with creating German Democratic Republic • Currency issue arises between West and East Germany • Russia imposes a blockade to cut off Western help • Truman decides using the military was not an option • Airlift for the next 15 months supply the 2.5 million people in Western Berlin with supplies, Russia drops the blockade

  9. NATO • North Atlantic Treaty Organization • “an armed attack against one or more of the … shall be considered an attack against them all.” a.k.a. – collective security • United States, Belgium, Britain, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway and Portugal • Soviets respond with Warsaw Pact

  10. Soviets Atomic Threat • Truman gives the go ahead for the hydrogen and thermonuclear bomb • http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=1985737185922472207&q=Hydrogen+Bomb&hl=en • http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-8098048851327369510&q=Hydrogen+Bomb&hl=en

  11. Communism enters China • Communists Mao Zedong v. Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai-shek) • Mao Zedong & communist followers take over Peking (now Beijing) declare Communist state

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