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Understanding Boyle's Law: Gas Behavior Tutorial

Learn about the Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases and Boyle's Law, including sample problems for practical application. Understand gas behavior based on pressure and volume relationships.

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Understanding Boyle's Law: Gas Behavior Tutorial

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  1. The Gas Laws A Tutorial on the Behavior of Gases.

  2. Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases • Gases consist of small particles that are in constant random motion and are separated by great distances from one another. • The individual particles occupy a negligible volume.

  3. Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases • Collisions with walls of container are elastic and exert a measurable pressure. • Particles do not interact with one another. • Average kinetic energy is directly proportional to the Kelvin (absolute) temperature.

  4. Abbreviations P – Pressure V – Volume n – Moles R – Gas Constant T – Kelvin Temperature

  5. Units of Pressure atm - atmospheres mm Hg - millimeters of mercury torr – same as mm Hg Pa - Pascal kPa - kiloPascal

  6. Converting Pressures 1.00 atm = 760 mm Hg = 101.3 kPa = 101,300 Pa

  7. Units of Temperature K - Kelvin °C - degrees Celsius °F - degrees Fahrenheit

  8. Converting Temperatures (C x 1.8) + 32 = F (F - 32)/1.8 = C C + 273 = K

  9. Standard Conditions • STP: Standard Temperature and Pressure • Temperature: • 273 K = 0.0 °C • Pressure: • 1.00 atm = 760 mm Hg

  10. Boyles Law

  11. Robert Boyle (1627-1691) Boyle’s Law: the volume of a fixed mass of gas varies inversely with the pressure at constant temperature. Mathematically, it is expressed as PV = k Where k is a constant, V is volume and P is pressure.

  12. Sample Boyle’s Law ProblemP1V1 = P2V2#1 A gas occupies 12.3 liters at a pressure of 400 mm Hg. What is the volume when the pressure is increased to 600 mm Hg and the temperature remains constant?

  13. Answer #1

  14. Sample Boyle’s Law ProblemP1V1 = P2V2#2 • A container has volume of 13,240 L has a pressure of 4.78 atm. If the pressure inside the container becomes 260 atm, what would the new volume be?

  15. Sample Boyle’s Law ProblemP1V1 = P2V2#3 • A sample of neon occupies 105.0 L at a pressure of 190 kPa. At constant temperature, what is the volume of the neon when the pressure is increased to 631 kPa?

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