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Week 10 Biomes / Ecology

Unit. 2. Week 10 Biomes / Ecology. Section 2.1: Organism and Their Environment. Levels of Organization. 1. 11. 2. 10. 3. 9. 4. 5. 8. 6. 7. Ecology. interactions. 12)_______________ is the study of 13)_______________ between organisms and their environment.

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Week 10 Biomes / Ecology

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  1. Unit 2 Week 10 Biomes / Ecology Section 2.1: Organism and Their Environment

  2. Levels of Organization 1. 11. 2. 10. 3. 9. 4. 5. 8. 6. 7.

  3. Hickox: Baker High School Biology

  4. Ecology interactions 12)_______________ is the study of 13)_______________ between organisms and their environment.

  5. The 14)_________ is the portion of earth that supports living things. The biosphere extends from the 15)________ of the oceans to the upper 16)_________. biosphere bottoms atmosphere

  6. What Shapes an Ecosystem? biotic • Biological and physical factors • Living factors – 17) __________ factors

  7. The Living Environment Biotic factors 18)_________- all the living organisms that inhabit an environment. 19)____ organisms depend on others directly or indirectly for food, shelter, reproduction, or protection. ALL

  8. The Nonliving Environment Abiotic factors 20)__________ the nonliving parts of an organism’s environment. Examplesinclude 20)______, 21)_________ 22)_________, 23)____ , and 24)__. • Abiotic factors affect an organism’s life. air currents temperature moisture soil light

  9. Abiotic or Biotic? Biotic

  10. Abiotic or Biotic? Abiotic

  11. Abiotic or Biotic? Abiotic

  12. Abiotic or Biotic? Biotic

  13. Levels of Organization

  14. Biological Levels of Organization • Atom: P, (N) Nitrogen, (O) Oxygen • Molecule • Organelle • Cell: Life Begins. __________ unit of any living thing. • Tissue: group of cells • Organ: group of tissues • System: group of organs. smallest

  15. Levels of Organization Ecologist ____________ have organized the interactions an organism takes part in into different levels according to complexity.

  16. Biological Levels of Organization Organism ___________:An individual living thing that is made of cells, uses energy, reproduces, responds, grows, and develops

  17. Biological Levels of Organization Population ___________:A group of organisms, all of the same species, which interbreed and live in the same place at the same time.

  18. Biological Levels of Organization Community • Biological __________: • All the populations of different species that live in the same place at the same time.

  19. Biological Levels of Organization Ecosystem ___________: Populations of plants and animals that interact with each other in a given area with the abiotic components of that area. (terrestrial or aquatic)

  20. Biological Levels of Organization Biosphere _________:The portion of Earth that supports life.

  21. The Biosphere • (write in to notes) • Life is found in air, on land, and in fresh and salt water. • The BIOSPHERE is the portion of Earth that supports living things.

  22. What level of organization? Organism

  23. 1. A pod of bottlenose dolphins living in a specific region can be identified as which level of organization? A. Biosphere B. Ecosystem C. Population D. Community C. Population 2. Which level of organization in the biosphere is BEST represented by the entire picture. A. Organization B. Ecosystem C. Population D. Community B Hickox: Baker High School Biology

  24. 3. A group of cells that work together for a common function is MOST LIKELY described as A. A tissue B. An organ C. An organelle D. A community A. 4. Study the diagram below. Which level of organization that could be represented by the X? A. Plant B. Animal C. Biosphere D. Community Ecosystem X d. Population Organism

  25. 5. A scientist studied a coral reef in an ocean. The scientist made a data table to record what was observed. How many populations are represented by the data? 6. Hickox: Baker High School Biology

  26. What level of Organization? Population

  27. Chapter 2 Principles of Ecology Organisms and Their Environment Three Major Kinds of Ecosystem Terrestrial • Located on land • Forest • Old farm field • Yard • Meadow • Garden plot • Empty lot • Compost heat • Rotting Log Aquatic • Fresh & Salt • Pond • Lake • Stream • Ocean • Estuary • Aquarium Other • Human body • Skin • Intestine • mouth • Building • Mold • bathroom • Food • Frig • Moldy food

  28. Chapter 2 Principles of Ecology Organisms and Their Environment The place where an organism lives out its life is called a _________. The way in which a species uses its environment to meet its specific needs for food and shelter is called a __________. Habitat Organisms in Ecosystem Niche

  29. Chapter 2 Principles of Ecology Organisms and Their Environment Survival relationships • Some species develop special relationships with other species to increase their survival. • Some interactions can be harmful to other species, but some interactions are beneficial. • Relationship that are helpful to one but harmful to another is a ________________ relationship • A __________ may be like polar bears, lions, insect eating birds. The animals that predators eat are called __________. Predator - Prey Predator Prey

  30. Chapter 2 Principles of Ecology Organisms and Their Environment • Some organisms have a permanent relationship between organisms of different species. This is called ______________. Symbiosis means living together • Three types of Symbiosis • _____________; when both species benefit • _____________; when one species benefits and the other is neither helped or hurt. • _____________; when one species benefits and the other is harmed. Three Major Kinds of Ecosystem symbiosis Mutualism Commensalism Parasitism

  31. Chapter 2 Principles of Ecology Organisms and Their Environment video video • Mutualism: • Ants and acacia trees living in subtropical regions; the ants protect the tree from attacking animals who want to feed on the tree Three types of Symbiosis • Commensalism: • Spanish moss in live oak trees; the Spanish moss benefits but the relationship does not harm or help the oak tree.

  32. Chapter 2 Principles of Ecology Organisms and Their Environment • Parasitism: • Ticks on a dog; The Tick causes harm to the dog but doesn’t kill the dog. The Tick receives the benefit for the relationship Three types of Symbiosis Video

  33. Video: Mammals of North America Video: Fish Symbiosis Video: Ant and Butterfly Symbiosis Video: Snail Zombies

  34. Chapter 2 Principles of Ecology Organisms and Their Environment Quiz Questions • __________, which is the study of interactions that take place between organisms and their environment. • The place where an organism lives out its life is called a ____________. • The way in which a species uses its environment to meet its specific needs for food and shelter is called a __________.(how ) • The nonliving parts of an organism’s environment are the ___________ factors. • All the living organisms within an environment are the ____________ factors.

  35. Chapter 2 Principles of Ecology Organisms and Their Environment Quiz Questions • The video with the great white shark and seal demonstrates the predator-prey relationship. Which one is which? • Some organisms have a permanent relationship between organisms of different species. This is called ______________, means living together • A type of # 7 in which both organisms benefit is called _______. • A type of relationship in which one organism benefits and the other organism is neither harmed or helped is called commensalism. What is the example shown in class? _____ • What type of symbiosis is the example show with two fish, the grouper and cleaner gobies?

  36. Chapter 2 Principles of Ecology Organisms and Their Environment Quiz Questions • _Ecology_, which is the study of interactions that take place between organisms and their environment. • The place where an organism lives out its life is called a __habitat__. • The way in which a species uses its environment to meet its specific needs for food and shelter is called a _niche__.(how ) • The nonliving parts of an organism’s environment are the __abiotic__ factors. • All the living organisms within an environment are the __biotic___ factors.

  37. Chapter 2 Principles of Ecology Organisms and Their Environment Quiz Questions • The video with the great white shark and seal demonstrates the predator-prey relationship. Which one is which? Predator= white shark Prey= seal • Some organisms have a permanent relationship between organisms of different species. This is called ____symbiotic____, means living together • A type of # 7 in which both organisms benefit is called __mutualism__. • A type of relationship in which one organism benefits and the other organism is neither harmed or helped is called commensalism. What is the example shown in class? __commensalism; oak tree and Spanish moss_ • What type of symbiosis is the example show with two fish, the grouper and cleaner gobies? mutualism

  38. Unit 2 Ecology Unit 2 Section 2.2: NUTRITION AND ENERGY FLOW

  39. Chapter 2 Principles of Ecology Organisms and Their Environment Review Quiz Questions • __________, which is the study of interactions that take place between organisms and their environment. • The place where an organism lives out its life is called a ____________. • The way in which a species uses its environment to meet its specific needs for food and shelter is called a __________.(how ) • The nonliving parts of an organism’s environment are the ___________ factors. • All the living organisms within an environment are the ____________ factors.

  40. Chapter 2 Principles of Ecology Organisms and Their Environment Quiz Questions • The video with the great white shark and seal demonstrates the predator-prey relationship. Which on is which? • Some organisms have a permanent relationship between organisms of different species. This is called ______________, means living together • A type of # 7 in which both organisms benefit is called _______. • A type of relationship in which on organism benefits and the other organism is neither harmed or helped is called commensalism. What is the example shown in class? _____ • What type of symbiosis is the example show with two fish, the grouper and cleaner gobies?

  41. Unit Section 2.2: Nutrition and Energy Flow 2 • You will: • Compare how organisms satisfy their nutritional needs • Trace the path of energy and matter in an ecosystem • Analyze how matter is cycled in the abiotic and biotic parts of the biosphere.

  42. Section 2.2: Nutrition and Energy Flow Sun The ultimate source of energy is the _______. The Sun provides the energy that fuels life!

  43. Section 2.2: Nutrition and Energy Flow An organism that uses light energy or energy stored in chemical compounds to make food-rich compounds is a producer or _______________ Simply put ------ plants! Plants use the sun in a process to produce food called ________________ autotroph photosynthesis

  44. Section 2.2: Nutrition and Energy Flow Heterotroph The consumer or _______________ feeds on other organisms because they are unable to make their own food. • Heterotrophs feed in a variety of feeding relationships • ….feed only on plants called ________________ • grasshopper, rabbits, beavers, bees, elephants • ….feed on other heterotrophs called ____________ • lions, hawks, hyena, cheetah and others • ..feed on both plant and animal food called __________ • examples: humans, • raccoons, opossums, • and bears herbivores carnivores omnivores

  45. Section 2.2: Nutrition and Energy Flow scavengers Some heterotrophs, called ___________ feed on dead or decaying animals • vultures, buzzards, and ants • Cleaning up dead and decaying refuse is a very important job in the ecosystem

  46. Unit 2 Section 2.2: Nutrition and Energy Flow • Some organisms like fungi and bacteria break down and then release nutrients from dead organisms. These organism are _______________, break down the complex compounds of dead and decaying plants and animals into molecules that can be absorbed. Theses organism do not rely on sunlight directly as an energy source. decomposers

  47. What organisms rely on- Sunlight as an energy source, directly and indirectly. animals plants Chemolithotrophic Bacteria (H2S) Nutrients in soil (decomposed plants and animals) Decomposing Plants: Bacteria, microbes

  48. Unit Section 2.2: Nutrition and Energy Flow 2 • Flow of Matter and Energy in the Ecosystem p. 18 • When you eat an apple you are absorbing more than an apple; What are you eating? • You are eating carbon, nitrogen, and other elements as well as energy from sunlight that is trapped.

  49. Unit 2 What are food chains? P. 18 • Models that demonstrate pathways for matter and energy • _____________ are a model that scientists use to demonstrate matter and energy flow. Food chains Autotrophs Third-order heterotrophs Second-order heterotrophs First-order heterotrophs Second-order heterotrophs

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