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Launching the New Nation

Launching the New Nation. Washington Heads the New Government Chapter 6 Section 1. New Government Takes Shape. Judiciary Act of 1789: Est. Supreme Court- 1 chief justice and 5 associative justices 3 federal circuit courts 13 federal district courts

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Launching the New Nation

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  1. Launching the New Nation Washington Heads the New Government Chapter 6 Section 1

  2. New Government Takes Shape • Judiciary Act of 1789: • Est. Supreme Court- 1 chief justice and 5 associative justices • 3 federal circuit courts • 13 federal district courts • State court decisions could be appealed to the federal court if it was a constitutional matter. • Federal laws remain “supreme Law of the Land”

  3. New Government Takes Shape • Washington Shapes the Executive Branch: • Establishes 3 executive departments • Department of State- foreign affairs ( Thomas Jefferson) • Department of War- military matters (Alexander Hamilton) • Department of Treasury – manage finances (Henry Knox) • Department heads become presidents chief advisors, or cabinet

  4. Hamilton and Jefferson Debate Hamilton Jefferson Strong centralGov’t Led by elite upper-class Commerce and industry keys to strong nation Endorsed by New England Strong state and local gov’t Popular participation Society of farmer-citizens Endorsed by the South and the West

  5. Hamilton and Jefferson Debate • Plan for a National Bank: • Bank of the United States (BUS) would be funded by the federal government and wealthy investors • Hoping to tie the wealthy to the success of the nation • Opposition to the BUS • James Madison- unhealthy alliance between govt and business • Constitution does not have a provision for a national bank, so Congress doesn’t have the power to do so • “Strict” vs “loose” interpretations of Constitution • BUS is created.

  6. First Political Parties Federalists Democratic Republicans Hamilton Strong central government Jefferson Strong state and local governments Ancestor of today’s Democratic Party Washington was worried about the existence of the two parties. He saw the two parties as a danger to national unity.

  7. Rebellion • The Whiskey Rebellion: • Hamilton passed an excise tax, tax on a products manufacture, sale, or distribution, on whiskey • Whiskey came from small corn farmers west of the Appalachian Mnts. • Corn was too bulky to carry, distilled into whiskey • 1794 farmers refused to pay tax and attacked federal marshals • Hamilton sees this as opportunity to “flex” federal govt power; sends 15,000 militia • Scattered the rebels without the loss of a single life

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