STDs

1. STDs

2. Every 97 seconds a teenager in California is infected with an STD. How many teens are infected per hour, day, month? • 37 teens every hour, • 891 teens every day, • 26,730 teens every month • 3 of every 5 Gonorrhea & Chlamydia cases in California are among 15 –24 year olds.

3. What Does STD Stand For? • Sexually (related to sexual contact) • Transmitted (passed, spread) • Disease (being sick, infected) “A disease or infection you can get or give someone by having sex with them”

4. Treatable…but repeatable Chlamydia Gonorrhea Syphilis Trichomonas Crabs (Pubic lice) Not Curable...life long Herpes HPV HIV Hepatitis B The Major STDs

5. Why Teens Have High Rates of STDs: • People often don’t have enough info about the health of their partner(s) & don’t protect themselves • Unlike women over 25, a teen’s cervix has “weaker” cells that are less protective against STDs • Some teens are in relationships with older partners who often control their decisions • Many people have trouble getting their partners to use condoms to prevent STDs or unwanted pregnancy

6. How STDs Spread: • Transfer of STD fluids: • Vaginal fluids • Pre-ejaculate • Semen • Abnormal discharge (or pus) • Blood • Through oral, anal, vaginal sex • STD organisms can be passed even when there are no signs or symptoms present!

7. What are the odds that a sexually active teen will get an STD this year? 1 out of 4 1 out of 2 1 out of 5

8. What are the odds that a sexually active teen will get an STD this year? 1 out of 4 sexually active teens in California will get an STD this year Which is about 325,000 teens ….. That’s enough to fill a football stadium over 3 ½ times!!!

10. Preventing • NO SEX (ABSTINENCE) • Use protection if sexual active, condom every time, even if you use other types of birth control • Some STDs might infect areas not covered by a condom

11. How do you know if you/partner has an STD? Tests ONLY!!!!

12. Now the REAL reality of STDs! Hope you like what you ate today!!!!

13. Gonorrhea • Common bacterial infection of the mucous membranes of penis, vagina, throat or rectum • Up to 50% of women & many men have no signs or symptoms • New, accurate, non-invasive (urine) tests can be used to diagnose • Can be transmitted even with no symptoms

14. Gonorrhea • Signs & symptoms usually appear 2-10 days after infection, if any • Unusual discharge, burning during urination, abdominal pain, cramps • Can pass to baby at birth which can cause blindness • Treatment: antibiotics • Untreated: sterility, damage to reproductive system

15. Chlamydia • Bacterial infection that infects the penis, vagina, throat, urethra • Can “silent” disease: most women & men have nosymptoms

16. Chlamydia • Symptoms: Unusual discharge, burning during urination • Occur in 1-3 weeks • Treatment: antibiotics • Untreated: damage to reproductive system, sterility, Can harm baby's eyes or lungs during birth

17. Syphilis • Bacterial infection that can spread through the bloodstream to any organ of the body • Spread from unprotected vaginal, oral, anal sex, & through kissing if there is a lesion on the mouth.

18. Syphilis • Primary Stage • 10-90 days: single sore that’s firm, round, small & painless. Appears where it entered body. Last 3-6 weeks • Secondary Stage • Rash, swollen joints, fever, hair loss • Late Syphilis • Not visible & damage to internal organs

19. Untreated: Brain damage, heart disease, blindness, & possibly death Passes to baby during pregnancy Baby could have permanent birth defects or born dead Treatments: Antibiotic, but can't undo damage already done Syphilis

20. Herpes • Viral infection of genital area & sometimes around mouth • 1out of 5 infected (sexual active) • ~75% of people who are infected never recognize their symptoms • Spread: • touching an infected area • unprotected vaginal, oral, anal sex • Warning: Some people may be contagious even when they don't have symptoms

21. Genital Herpes • Symptoms: small painful blisters on genitals & elsewhere, that break into open sore • appear at any site of contact • usually appear within 2-10 days • Some get the sores only once, others many times • Can pass virus even without an outbreak or signs • Pass from mother to newborn; can become very ill • Treatment: NO cure • Medicines helps sores heal quicker, outbreaks less frequent & less painful • helps prevent transmission • Use a latex condom correctly every time (may not cover some sores)

22. Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) • Viral infection that can causes: Genital Warts & Cervical Cancer (different strands) • 50-75% of sexually active people have HPV • Symptom: soft, itchy warts in & around the genitals, may appear 2 weeks to 3 months after exposure • Many have no symptoms but still contagious

23. HPV • Treatment: NO cure • warts can be removed by creams, lasers or freezing off • Even w/treatments, virus stays in body & causes future outbreaks • Cervical Cancer • Very high risk, Pap smear check once a year is very important!! • Vaccine for girls & boys

24. Pubic Lice (Crabs) • External parasite found on genitals • Symptoms: itching, visible eggs, crawling lice, small red/bluish irritations of skin • Treatment: special shampoos, washing everything in very hot water & soap

25. Hepatitis B • Viral Infection • Symptoms: tiredness, jaundice, dark urine, nausea & cramps • Most no signs • Treatment: No cure • HBV vaccine can prevent • Passed to baby during birth

26. Trichomoniasis • Protozoal disease • Transmitted via vaginal sex but can be spread with sex toys • Most common site of infection is in the vagina & male urethra • Most common symptom = NONE • Curable with medication