Human Communication
Slide 1. Human Communication. Judy C. Pearson Paul E. Nelson Scott Titsworth Lynn Harter. Slide 2. PART ONE Fundamentals of Communication Studies. Chapter Summary. Slide 3. Slide 3. Perception, Self, and Communication. CHAPTER. 2. What is Perception?
Human Communication
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Presentation Transcript
Slide 1 Human Communication Judy C. Pearson Paul E. Nelson Scott Titsworth Lynn Harter
Slide 2 PART ONE Fundamentals of Communication Studies
Chapter Summary Slide 3 Slide 3 Perception, Self, and Communication CHAPTER 2 • What is Perception? • Why Do Differences in Perception Occur? • What Occurs in Perception? • How Do We Perceive Others? • What is Self-Awareness? • What is Self-Concept? • What is Self-Efficacy? • What is Self-Presentation?
Slide 4 Slide 4 What is Perception? • Perception: “The process of becoming aware of objects and events from the senses.” (DeVito, 1986)
Slide 5 Slide 5 What is Perception? • Passive Perception • Active Perception • Subjective Perception
Slide 6 Slide 6 What is Perception? Figure 2.1: The perception process. Insert Figure 2.1 Here
Slide 7 Slide 7 Why Do Differences in Perception Occur? • Physiological Factors • Past Experiences and Roles • Culture and Co-culture • Present Feelings and Circumstances
Slide 8 Slide 8 What Occurs in Perception? • Selection • Organization • --Figure and Ground • --Closure • --Proximity • --Similarity • Interpretation
Slide 9 Slide 9 What Occurs in Perception? Insert Figure 2.2 Here Figure 2.2: An example of figure and ground: a vase or twins?
Slide 10 Slide 10 What Occurs in Perception? Insert Figure 2.3 Here Figure 2.3: An example of figure and ground: ink blobs or a bearded man?
Slide 11 Slide 11 What Occurs in Perception? Insert Figure 2.4 Here Figure 2.4: An example of closure: ink blobs or a cat?
Slide 12 Slide 12 What Occurs in Perception? Insert Figure 2.5 Here Figure 2.5: An example of closure: triangle or straight lines?
Slide 13 Slide 13 What Occurs in Perception? Insert Figure 2.6 Here Figure 2.6: An example of closure: a circle or straight lines?
Slide 14 Slide 14 What Occurs in Perception? Insert Figure 2.7 Here Figure 2.7: An example of proximity: three groups of lines or nine separate lines?
Slide 15 Slide 15 What Occurs in Perception? Insert Figure 2.8 Here Figure 2.8: An example of similarity: squares and circles or a group of geometric shapes?
Slide 16 Slide 16 What Occurs in Perception? Insert Figure 2.9 Here Figure 2.9: An example of interpretation: the inkblot
Slide 17 Slide 17 What Occurs in Perception? Insert Figure 2.10 Here Figure 2.10: An example of the usefulness of context in the interpretation of stimuli.
Slide 18 Slide 18 How Do We Perceive Others? • Attribution Errors • --Fundamental attribution error • --Self-serving bias • Perceptual Errors • --Stereotyping • --First impressions • --Projection • --Perceptual defense • --Halo effect Continued...
Slide 19 Slide 19 How Do We Perceive Others? • Perceptual Errors, continued • --Leniency • --Central tendency • --Recency • --Contrast effects
Slide 20 Slide 20 What is Self-Awareness? • Self-awareness is “an understanding of the self, including your attitudes, values, beliefs, strengths, and weaknesses.” (DeVito, 1986)
Slide 21 Slide 21 What is Self-Awareness? • Symbolic interactionism • Self-fulfilling prophecy • Self-actualization
Slide 22 Slide 22 What is Self-Concept? • Self-concept is “each person’s evaluation of himself or herself, that is, self-appraisal.” (DeVito, 1986)
Slide 23 Slide 23 What is Self-Concept? • Self-Image • Self-Esteem • Improving Self-Concept • Barriers to Improving Self-Concept
Slide 24 Slide 24 What is Self-Efficacy? • Self-awareness is “the belief in one’s capabilities to organize and execute the sources of action required to manage prospective situations.” (Bandura, 1986)
Slide 25 Slide 25 What is Self-Presentation? • Self-awareness is the way we portray ourselves to others.
Slide 26 Slide 26 What is Self-Presentation? • Impression Management is the control of lack of control of the communication of information through a performance. • --High self-monitors • --Low self-monitors Continued...
Slide 27 Slide 27 What is Self-Presentation? • Face: a socially approved and presented identity. • --Facework • --Positive face • --Negative face • --Politeness Continued...
Slide 28 Slide 28 What is Self-Presentation? Insert Table 2.1 Here Table 2.1: Image Repair Strategies
