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Body Composition and Eating Disorders

Body Composition and Eating Disorders. David Smith MS ATC Sports Medicine 1. Male Body Composition. Average College Male 12%-15% Athlete 8%-12% Lowest Healthy 3%. Female Body Composition. Average College Female 20%-25% Athlete 10%-18% Lowest Healthy 10%. Caloric Balance.

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Body Composition and Eating Disorders

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  1. Body Composition and Eating Disorders David Smith MS ATC Sports Medicine 1

  2. Male Body Composition • Average College Male • 12%-15% • Athlete • 8%-12% • Lowest Healthy • 3%

  3. Female Body Composition • Average College Female • 20%-25% • Athlete • 10%-18% • Lowest Healthy • 10%

  4. Caloric Balance • The number of calories consumed-the number of calories expended • Can expend calories by • 1) Metabolic Rate • 2) Exercise • If higher number of calories consumed than expended=gain weight • If lower number of calories consumed than expended=lose weight

  5. Calories • Caloric Intake • College Athletes 2000-5000 Calories • Caloric Expenditure • College Athletes 2200-4400 Calories Some people require more than 5000 calories if they are endurance athletes

  6. Weight Loss • Methods of Weight Loss • 1)Dieting • 2) Increase amount of exercise • 3)Diet and increase amount of exercise

  7. Dieting • Long term weight control through dieting is only successful about 20% of the time. • Most people can not keep on a strict diet and fall off and return to previous eating habits. • Minimum Caloric Intake: • Females 1000-1200 Calories • Males 1200-1400 Calories • Weight loss through dieting is 35%-45% lean tissue

  8. Exercise • Weight loss through Exercise is loss of 80%-90% of fatty tissue. • Exercise results are: • Weight Loss • Increases cardio efficiency • Increases strength • Increases flexibility • Lowers Heart Rate • Lowers Blood Pressure

  9. Diet and Exercise • This combination is the MOST efficient way to lose weight! • This includes moderate caloric restriction and increased exercise. • 1-2 Lbs/Week Safe • 4-5 Lbs/Week may be lost due to dehydration • To lose 1 Lbs must expend 3500 calories

  10. Eating Disorders • Bulimia • Commonly Female • Adolescent to Middle age • 1/200 aged 12-18 develop patterns of anorexia too

  11. Bulimia • Bulimics tend to: • Eat 1000’s of calories at 1 sitting after a period of starvation • They follow up the eating with vomiting or using laxatives • The Definition is: • Recurrent episodes of rapid, uncontrollable ingestion of large amounts of food in a short amount of time, followed by purging, either by vomiting or using diuretics

  12. Bulimia • Characteristics of Bulimics: • Typically white • Middle to Upper Class • Perfectionist • Over Compliant • Obedient • Highly Motivated • Good Grades • Well Liked • Good Athlete (Usually Gymnastics,Dance,Track, may also be Male gymnasts and wrestlers)

  13. Bulimia • Side Effects • Stomach Ruptures • Tooth Decay • Mouth and Throat Irritation and sores • Liver Damage • Disrupted Heart Rhythm

  14. Anorexia Nervosa • 30%-50% of anorexics have symptoms of Bulimia • Distorted Body Image andmajor concerns of weight gain • 15%-20% of diagnosed anorexics DIE!!!

  15. Anorexia Nervosa • Any athlete with an eating disorder must be confronted in a sympathetic manner • Early detection is essential • Refer them to a Doctor ASAP • They may follow up with a Psychiatrist • Key to treatment is getting them to realize they have a problem • They must volunteer for help can not make someone get treatment

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