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Cholera

Cholera. By: Tasha Patterson. Description. Cholera is an acute, diarrheal illness caused by infection of the intestine with the bacterium Vibrio cholerae . It is a water-borne bacterium shaped like a comma.

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Cholera

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  1. Cholera By: Tasha Patterson

  2. Description • Cholera is an acute, diarrheal illness caused by infection of the intestine with the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. It is a water-borne bacterium shaped like a comma. • Cholera bacterium is usually found in water or food sources that have been contaminated by feces (poop) from a person infected with cholera.

  3. Transmission • Direct person-to-person transmission of the disease is rare, but infected person can spread cholera Indirectly. • Cholera bacteria travel by oral-fecal routes; that is, they enter the body by the mouth and leave the body in feces. • When an infected person excretes waste into a communal water supply or handles food without washing hand he introduces the bacteria into the water or food contaminating it.

  4. Symptoms • Vomiting • Diarrhea- Dangerous loss in fluids • Nausea- May happen for hours • Dehydration- May lead electrolyte • Electrolyte Imbalance- May lead to muscle cramps and shock. • If not treated kidneys will shut down and death.

  5. Risk Factors • Drinking or eating food contaminated with cholera. • Wash foods properly.

  6. Testing & Treatment • To test for cholera, doctors must take a stool sample or a rectal swab and send it to a laboratory to look for the cholera bacterium. • Can be simply and successfully treat by immediate replacement of the fluids and salts lost though diarrhea. • Can be treated with oral rehydration solution, a prepackage mixture of sugars and salts to be mixed with water and drunk in large amounts.

  7. Prevention • Drink and use safe water and wash your hands often with soap and safe water. • Cook food well done especially seafood, and keep it cover, eat it while it is hot, and peel fruits and vegetables.

  8. Statistics • Since 2000, the incidence of cholera has increased steadily, culminating in 317 534 reported cases worldwide, including 7543 deaths, in 2010, with a case-fatality rate (CFR) of 2.38%. • Globally, the number of deaths from cholera rose from 4948 in 2009 to 7543 in 2010,an increase of 52% with an overall CFR of 2.38%. • In the Americas, Haiti reported 3990 deaths, accounting for 53% of the global total; these deaths occurred over a period of 70 days.

  9. Affect • Developing Nation- the disease does not rally mess with the developing does not have a high risk of the disease. • Developing Nation- Has a very high chance that the disease will come back because it is where the disease started

  10. Sources • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, A.A February 24, 2011, General Information, http://www.cdc.gov/cholera/general/, January 5, 2013 • Stephanie True Peters, 2004, Cholera curse of the nineteenth century, Marshall Cavendish Corporation

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