1. Motors Steam engine Explosion engine Electric motor Motors of the future Motors

2. Steam Engine • History • Major role during industrial revolution, in mills and factories • Created by James Watt Motors

3. Steam Engine • Operation Water’s states change Steam expansion Motors

4. Steam Engine • Real efficiency: At most : 40% • Other using Nuclear power plants Gives work to rotate an alternator • Nature friendly water cycle Motors

5. Explosion engine • History • Created by François Isaac de Rivaz in 1804 • The contemporary car motor Motors

6. Explosion engine • What is an explosion engine ? • Combustion chamber • Piston • Crankshaft • Rod Motors

7. Explosion engine • Beau de Rochas cycle: 4 stroke engine • Isobar inlet 2. Adiabat compression Deflagration : isochoric 3. Adiabat expansion 4. Isochoric opening, then isobar exhaust Motors

8. Explosion engine • Efficiency Depends on chamber’s compression rate. If 10: Motors

9. Explosion engine • Practice motor problems: • Heat loss: non-adiabatic walls • Non-instantaneous ignition • Delay of combustion • Exhaust and admission disturbed by the inertia of gases • True efficiency is decreased Motors

10. Explosion engine • Advantages: • Portability of liquid fuel • Powerfull • Disadvantages: • Pollutant fuel • Poor efficiency Motors

11. Electric motor • History • Conceived by Michael Faraday in 1821 • Able to be miniaturized • Functions without air Motors

12. Electric motor • Works on Laplace phenomenon Motors

13. Electric motor • Efficiency Theoric : 100 % But there are many losses • Losses Joule effect Foucault currents Hysteresis => True efficiency: 93% Motors

14. Other engines • Hydrogen (water) motor • Nature firendly • Renewable energy • Powerfull • Conditioning with sponge processus • Explosive Motors

15. Other engines • Air motor • Uses air expansion • Totaly clean • Air compression before carrying • Hybrid motor • Couple explosion – electric • Reduces nocives emissions • Explosion engine’s power Motors

16. Motors Thank you Motors