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Hydrocarbons and Functional Groups

Hydrocarbons and Functional Groups. Hydrocarbons. Contain carbon and hydrogen Isomers: same molecular formula but different structures. Alk ane Series General formula: C n H 2n+2 (saturated). Alk ene Series General formula: C n H 2n hydrocarbon with one double bond (unsaturated).

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Hydrocarbons and Functional Groups

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  1. Hydrocarbons and Functional Groups

  2. Hydrocarbons • Contain carbon and hydrogen Isomers: same molecular formula but different structures

  3. Alkane SeriesGeneral formula: CnH2n+2 (saturated)

  4. Alkene SeriesGeneral formula: CnH2nhydrocarbon with one double bond (unsaturated)

  5. Alkyne SeriesGeneral formula: CnH2n-2hydrocarbon with one triple bond (unsaturated)

  6. Functional Group • Group of atoms frequently attached to carbon “skeletons” • Usually involved in chemical reactions

  7. Alcohols • Polar • Help to dissolve organic compounds

  8. Aldehydes • Carbonyl group is on the terminal (end) carbon

  9. Ketones The carbonyl group is “sandwiched” between two chains of carbons

  10. Carboxylic Acids • Polar tendencies • Possible for H to dissociate due to the two electronegative • oxygen atoms pulling shared electrons away from hydrogen

  11. Amino Group Amino acids – important in proteins, combines both an amino group (acts as a base due to unshared pair of electrons on Nitrogen) and a carboxyl group

  12. Sulfhydryl • Help to stabilize intricate structures of proteins

  13. Phosphate group • Found in ATP and DNA

  14. Try this ….. http://www.proprofs.com/flashcards/cardshow.php?title=functional-groups-quiz&quesnum=11

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