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Measurement in the SI System: Length, Mass, Weight, Temperature, Volume, Time, Density, Area, Speed, Scientific Notation

This article provides an overview of the SI system of measurement and its various units, instruments, and formulas. It also explains scientific notation and metric conversions. Suitable for those studying or working with measurements in science or engineering.

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Measurement in the SI System: Length, Mass, Weight, Temperature, Volume, Time, Density, Area, Speed, Scientific Notation

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  1. Measurement Measurement • SI Standard System of International Units or Metric System • Uses 10 as a base • Always estimate one unit/place further than what your measuring device allows

  2. Direct Instruments Direct Measurements • Can be made with no calculations • It is recorded in one step

  3. Length Length • SI unit is the meter (m) • 1 km = .6 miles or 1 mile = 1.6 km (p.909) • Instrument: Ruler or Meter Stick

  4. Mass Mass: • a measure of an object’s matter; • depends on the atoms that make up the object; • SI Unit: Kilogram (kg) • Instrument: Triple Beam Balance or Scale

  5. Weight Weight • a measure of the gravitational force on an object • Unit: Newton (N) • Instrument: Spring Scale

  6. Temperature Temperature: a measure of the average movement of particles for a given object; • Unit: Degrees Kelvin (K) or Celsius (C) • Instrument: Thermometer

  7. Temperature Temperature: • Conversions: • 0C = 5/9 (F-32) • 0F = 9/5 C+32 • Kelvin = C+273

  8. Volume Volume: a measure of the space occupied by an object; • Unit: Liter (L)* • Instrument: Graduated Cylinder

  9. Time Time: • Unit: Second (s or sec) • Instrument: Stopwatch or clock

  10. Derived Measurements Derived Quantities • Must be calculated • Cannon be recorded in one step

  11. Density Density: a measure of the amount of matter that occupies a given volume; • Formula: Mass divided by Volume (m/v) • Unit: grams per cubic centimeter • Instrument: Balance and Ruler or Meter Stick

  12. Area Area: a measure of surface within a given set of boundaries; • Formula: Length x Width (L x W) • Unit: meters squared (m2) • Instrument: Ruler or Meter Stick

  13. Volume Volume of a Solid • Formula: (L x W x H) • Unit: meters or centimeters squared • Instrument: Ruler or Meter Stick

  14. Speed Speed • Formula: Distance divided by Time (d/t) • Unit: Meters per Second • Instrument: Ruler or Meter Stick and Stopwatch

  15. Scientific Notation • Used to express a number as a multiplier and power of ten • Digit term - must be between 1 and 9 • Power term – 10 raised to a whole number • Ex. 100 or 1x102; 0.039 or 3.9x10-2 • You try: 12500000 • You try: 2.87x106

  16. Metric Conversions • Converting from one prefix to another or from a base unit to a prefix • Example: • How many centimeters in a meter? • How many centimeters in a kilometer?

  17. Unit Converter

  18. Example • To convert 1000 milligrams to grams, you are moving which way on the stairs? • UP • If you are up you must… • Move the decimal LEFT • How many places will you move? • 3 • Answer

  19. Answer • Since you are moving threesteps up, then you will move left three times • 1000 is what you start with • When the decimal is moved left three times: 1g

  20. 3 Questions to Ask • Which way are you moving on the steps? • Are you moving up or down? • How many steps?

  21. Examples Work Quietly on these Problems • How many grams are in 5 kilograms? • How many kilometers are in 25.0 meters • How may centimeters are in 45.0 hectometers? • Write in regular notation and scientific notation

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