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Workshop: Integrated Systems for Agriculture

Applied Sciences P ROGRAM S UPPORT. Workshop: Integrated Systems for Agriculture. 30 July 2006 Organizing Committee Verne Kaupp & Tim Haithcoat University of Missouri and Charles Hutchinson University of Arizona. Applied Sciences P ROGRAM S UPPORT.

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Workshop: Integrated Systems for Agriculture

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  1. Applied Sciences PROGRAM SUPPORT Workshop: Integrated Systems for Agriculture 30 July 2006 Organizing Committee Verne Kaupp & Tim Haithcoat University of Missouri and Charles Hutchinson University of Arizona

  2. Applied Sciences PROGRAM SUPPORT Workshop: Integrated Solutions for Sustainable Resources 30 July 2006 Organizing Committee Verne Kaupp & Tim Haithcoat University of Missouri and Charles Hutchinson University of Arizona

  3. Carbon Management Aviation Energy Management Air Quality Coastal Management Homeland Security Disaster Management Ecological Forecasting Water Management PublicHealth InvasiveSpecies Agricultural Efficiency THE NASA APPLIED SCIENCES PROGRAM • Extends benefits to society from NASA Earth Science Program, • Fills gap between Earth-science results and operational uses, • Promotes uses of measurements and models for • Enhanced decisions support capabilities for twelve applications of national priority at • Partnering Federal agencies, and from them to • Government agencies at all levels.

  4. Welcome & Logistics (Verne Kaupp) Part I – Understanding the NASA Applied Sciences Program Purpose of Workshop Goal(s) of Workshop Introduction & Concepts of the ISS Process Rapid Prototyping Capability Part II – Examining a successful example of the program Integrated Systems for Agriculture PECAD/FAS/USDA (Ed Sheffner & Brad Doorn) Break Part III – Introducing the next generation of NASA science missions (Steve Volz) Current – Traditional land-imaging Missions Future – Focus on next generation observing systems and their input for science CloudSat CALIPSO Part IV – Questions & Answers (All) 8:00 9:00 10:00 10:30 11:30 WORKSHOP AGENDA – AM

  5. Welcome & Logistics (Verne Kaupp) Part I – Understanding the NASA Applied Sciences Program Purpose of Workshop Goal(s) of Workshop Introduction & Concepts of the ISS Process Rapid Prototyping Capability Part II – Examining a successful example of the program Integrated Solutions for Sustainable Resources SERVIR (Danny Hardin) Break Part III – Introducing the next generation of NASA science missions (Steve Volz) Current – Traditional land-imaging Missions Future – Focus on next generation observing systems and their input for science CloudSat CALIPSO Part IV – Questions & Answers (All) 1:00 2:00 3:00 3:30 4:30 WORKSHOP AGENDA – PM

  6. WECOME & LOGISTICS

  7. SOME USEFUL URLs Applied Sciences Homepagehttp://science.hq.nasa.gov/earth-sun/applications/index.htmlNASA Earth Science Homepagehttp://science.hq.nasa.gov/earth-sun/index.htmlNASA Science Mission Directoratehttp://science.hq.nasa.gov/index.htmlApplied Sciences Program Implementation Working Grouphttp://aiwg.gsfc.nasa.gov/

  8. PURPOSE OF THE WORKSHOPS • Inform participants about how to plan to work in the NASA Applied Sciences Program in general and about the next generation of research missions in particular that are becoming available. The workshop is organized into four distinct parts to achieve this. These are: • Part 1: Introduce the Applied Sciences Program functional framework, known as Integrated Systems Solutions (ISS) and the various concepts and definitions needed to prepare a proposal for submission to the next Applied Sciences Program solicitation opportunity, • Part 2: Illustrate the application of the concepts via an example • Part 3: Focus on the next generation (future) NASA missions and their non-traditional flavor (e.g., CloudSat & CALIPSO) • Part 4: Conduct Q & A period.

  9. GOALS OF THE WORKSHOPS • User Community – Develop a broad applied sciences community-of-practice capable of deriving practical benefit from all NASA science results, • New Missions – Engage the community-of-practice in a dialogue designed to elicit ideas for the Applied Sciences Program to consider in future NASA proposal opportunities, • Proposals – Stimulate the community-of-practice to develop proposals offering new and creative ideas in response to future NASA proposal opportunities for novel approaches in deriving benefit from the missions, models, and geophysical parameters becoming available from these new systems.

  10. PART 1 Understanding the NASA Applied Sciences Program

  11. INTRODUCTION & CONCEPTS:Understanding the NASA Applied Sciences Program • Research Program – How it drives Applied Sciences Program • Research Program – Drivers, research strategy & science themes • Overview of Missions – To be discussed in Part III • Current Assets – Both “applied” and “un-applied” measurements & models • Future Assets – Measure new components (e.g., CALIPSO & CloudSat) • Overview of Measurements (Geophysical parameters) • Overview of Models • Applied Sciences Program – How does this program work? • Architectural Framework – The big picture– A lofty view • Program Components – Where you fit in! – Down One Level of Detail • Solutions Networks • Integrated Systems Solutions • Rapid Prototyping Capability & Knowledge Base • Applied Sciences Program – ISS Proposal Line of Sight

  12. Examine the Earth Science Program to Understand the NASA Applied Sciences Program The “VALUE CHAIN” concept is an effective way to view the Applied Sciences Program. This is not official NASA policy, but consider that a “VALUE CHAIN” starts with the Earth Science Research Program and ends with the Applied Sciences Program: EARTH SCIENCE RESEARCH PROGRAM > APPLIED SCIENCES PROGRAM To understand the Applied Sciences Program, we have to examine the Earth Science Research Program The Earth Science Research Programwill be presented as a “VALUE CHAIN”from NASA missions and measurements to models. The Applied Sciences Programextends those “VALUE CHAIN” benefits to society by promoting use in DSSs of priority National Applications.

  13. Earth Science Program Drivers The NASA Earth Science Research Program is derivative from national needs and concerns and coincident with global concerns for the continued improvement of life for mankind on this planet.

  14. NASAs RESEARCH PROGRAM NASA’s Earth Science Research Programis developing a scientific understanding of the Earth system and its response to natural and human-induced changes to enable improved prediction capability for climate, weather, and natural hazards. The fundamental research question is: How is the Earth changing and what are the consequences for life on Earth? Variability: How is the global system changing? Forcing: What are the primary forcing’s of the Earth system? Response: How does the Earth system respond to natural and human-induced changes? Consequence: What are the consequences of change in the Earth system for human civilization? Prediction: How well can we predict future changes in the Earth system? NASA is working with 23 science questions posed to answer the one.

  15. The Earth Science Research Program part of the “VALUE” Chain • A simplified construct to view the NASA Research Program shows: • QUESTIONS are defined to answer a part of the scientific puzzle via research and analysis, • MISSIONS are defined to provide essential measurements for research and analysis, • MEASUREMENTS are collected for research and analysis • MODELS are developed from research and analysis. • An evolutionary “VALUE CHAIN” of the Earth Science Research Program at NASA, then, would show: QUESTIONS > MISSIONS > MEASUREMENTS> MODELS • We therefore examine NASA research missions, measurements and models, next.

  16. Present Set of Missions Future Set of Missions MISSIONS, MEASUREMENTS AND MODELS MEASUREMENTS MODELS MISSIONS This part will be given by Steve Volz in Part III. QUESTIONS > MISSIONS > MEASUREMENTS> MODELS

  17. ` Topographic Experiment/Poseidon - (TOPEX/Poseidon) MISSIONS • TOPEX/Poseidon: joint mission France (CNES) & the U.S. (NASA) To monitor global ocean circulation, to improve global climate predictions, and to monitor events such as El Niño Southern Oscillation conditions and ocean eddies.  • VITAL FACTS: Orbit Type: Non Sun-Synchronous Altitude: 1336 km Inclination: 66° Launch Date: 08/10/1992 Design Life: 5yrs; Actual Life 13 yrs. End of Mission: Jan 18, 2006. Measurements: Ocean topography • SENSORS: GPS Receiver - Global Positioning System ReceiverLRA - Laser Retroreflector ArrayTMR - TOPEX Microwave RadiometerSSALT - Solid State Radar ALTimeterDORIS - Doppler Orbitography and Radiopositioning Integrated by SatelliteNRA - NASA Radar Altimeter

  18. ` Topographic Experiment/Poseidon - (TOPEX/Poseidon) MISSIONS (Cont.) • PRODUCTS: TOPEX/Poseidon: Along Track Gridded Sea Surface Height Anomaly GDR Correction Product (GCP) Geophysical Data Record (GDR) Merged Geophysical Data Record generation B (MGDR-B) Near Real Time Sea Surface Height Anomaly Sea Surface Height Anomaly TOPEX: Columnar Water Vapor Content Geostrophic Velocity Vectors Sea Surface Height Significant Wave Height Total Electron Content Wind Speed • LINKS:http://topex-www.jpl.nasa.gov/

  19. TOPEX: Sea Surface Height MEASUREMENTSGEOPHYSICAL PARAMETERS The TOPEX sea surface height (SSH) product Computed from altimeter range and satellite altitude above the reference ellipsoid. The "reference ellipsoid" is the definition of the non-spherical shape of the Earth as an ellipsoid of revolution. Sea surface height is often shown as a sea-surface anomaly or deviation, this is the difference between the SSH at the time of measurement and the average SSH for that region and time of year. Accuracy: ±4 - 5 centimeters Intrinsic Spatial Resolution: 1° Applications: Visualization of ocean currents, seasons, research, input to numerical ocean models, education Parameters: + Ocean Surface Topography Web Links: + http://topex-www.jpl.nasa.gov/index.html Principal Investigator(s): Braulio V. Sanchez Distribution: + Physical Oceanography Distributed Active Archive Center (PODAAC) Spatio-Temporal Grid Resolution: • 0.5° x 0.5° - Daily • 1° x 1° - Daily

  20. Ocean Model - (GMAO Ocean) MODELS • Poseidon Quasi-isopycnal Ocean Model provides 3-D ocean salinity field, temperature field, 3-D ocean velocity components and sea surface height predictions for use in global ocean state seasonal forecasts, ocean data assimilation, and ocean process studies for short-term climate variability. • INPUTS: • ocean bottom topography • Surface momentum, heat flux and fresh water forcing products • TOPEX/Poseidon and JASON data. • OUTPUTS: • 3-D ocean temperature field • 3-D ocean salinity field • 3-D ocean velocity components • Sea surface height

  21. Ocean Model - (GMAO Ocean) MODELS (Cont.) • Resolution: • Temporal: monthly means • Vertical: 27 layers for V4, 34 layers for V5 • Horizontal: 1/3 deg. latitude X 5/8 deg. longitude • Range • Temporal: 1981 to present • Vertical: upper 1500 m for V4; full ocean depth for V5 • Horizontal: South Pole to 72 deg. • Validation: Borovikov, A, M.M. Rienecker and P.S. Schopf, J. Climate, V14, 2624-2641, 2001 • POC: Michele Rienecker, NASA • Michele.Rienecker@nasa.gov Phone #: 301-614-6142 • Website: http://nsipp.gsfc.nasa.gov/research/ocean/ocean_descr.html • Model Partner: George Mason University

  22. NASA-RELATED APPLIED RESEARCH LEGACY A major proportion of the NASA-related applied research to date has utilized land remote sensing systems such as Landsat, MODIS, etc. A significant proportion of existing mission measurements and models have not been employed in NASA-related applied research; they remain “Un-Applied” to date. Basically, applied NASA-related research as we know it today is: An Example of What you See Today • Derived from Earth system • science being conducted in • response to those questions, • Develops geophysical • parameters gathered from • land-imaging and • multispectral remote sensing • tools and technologies. Multispectral

  23. NASA-RELATED EMERGING APPLIEDRESEARCH • In keeping with the NASA Earth Science Program objectives to support research designed to answer the 23 science questions: • Some current and future missions measure components of the Earth system not observable from the Landsat- or MODIS-type of sensor. • To date, the majority of the current science results falling in this category remain “Un-Applied.” • To promote deriving societal benefit from these current and future observations and models, future solicitations will emphasize that class of sensors and their scientific results. • Traditional land imaging, multispectral analysis with standard remote sensing tools and technologies will continue to be important. • New proposals, however will be expected to set forth a plan to use both these and the future missions and current “Un-Applied” sensor results in creative ways. • Since NASA science missions have finite lifetimes, the Applied Sciences Program will seek to time its solicitations for proposals to permit: • Proposing prior to launch for projects which apply future missions science results, • Conducting the project to permit deriving societal benefit throughout the mission lifetime.

  24. Take Away for Earth Science Research Program • Works toward national and global science requirements • Science QUESTIONS – Weather, climate & natural hazards • Future MISSIONS – Measure Earth system components currently unobservable • Current MISSIONS - Continue to be important • Program emphasis on “Un-Applied” missions, measurements and models • Landsat- & MODIS-style of missions, measurements and models as appropriate • MEASUREMENTS • MODELS • “VALUE CHAIN” line of sight: QUESTIONS > MISSIONS > MEASUREMENTS> MODELS Next, we see how the Applied Sciences Program extends the value chain.

  25. APPLIED SCIENCES PROGRAM Why does it exist? What is it designed to do? How does it do it? Who may participate? When may they participate? Where can projects be conducted?

  26. Why does The Applied Sciences Program exist? The Applied Sciences Program is working with 12 applications of national priority to address the one question. With limited resources, NASA’s Applied Sciences Program is about forging and adding links for DECISIONS to the science program “VALUE CHAIN” by more rapidly applying research and analysis results for improved decision support in 12 applications of national priority. A reasonable, fundamental applied sciences question is:How can NASA science results be expeditiously used to improve national management and policy decisions for societal benefit? • Significance – • Applicable to all levels of national government • Limit the set of topics to increase the pace– • The potential needs are uncountable • Focus on first tier of national applications • Select 12 priority applications from that set • Work with only 12 themes and provide decision • support needs for them • Benefits to all of society – • The Applied Sciences Program works only with • the first tier of 12 national applications, • Secondary national tier served by those • applications

  27. What is it designed to do? • The Applied Sciences Program is designed to: • Promote the acceptance, utilization, and exploitation of NASA-inspired science results (missions, measurements and models) by improving existing decision support systems that all levels of government use for policy and management decision-making, and • Extend the benefits from the Earth Science Program to society. EARTH SCIENCE RESEARCH PROGRAM > APPLIED SCIENCES PROGRAM and now QUESTIONS> MISSIONS> MEASUREMENTS> MODELS> DECISIONS • NASA routinely promotes transition of DATAto INFORMATION. • The Applied Sciences Program must go beyond this. It is designed to make it possible to convert: • DATAintoINFORMATION, • INFORMATIONinto relevant KNOWLEDGE, and • Relevant KNOWLEDGEinto informed DECISIONS! or DATA> INFORMATION> KNOWLEDGE > DECISIONS

  28. How does it do it? ARCHITECTURAL FRAMEWORK –The big picture The big picture – I have to start somewhere and we are here to talk about the Applied Sciences Program and how it functions, so … let’s look at its scope from a lofty vantage point. The Q&A material (Part IV) has a few slides outlining the basis for developing successful proposals to initiate a discussion about the next Applied Sciences Program call for proposals.

  29. Solutions Networks Rapid Prototyping Capability NASA Earth Science Results Applied Sciences Program Evolving Integrated Systems Solutions New Missions Operations Applied Sciences Program and Six Essential Architectural Components

  30. Applied Sciences (ISS Projects) SI Roses Applied Sciences (SN Projects) Other Other Roses Earth Science Research Other NASA SI SI SI A Framework: Down one level of architectural detail. NASA APPLIED SCIENCES PROGRAM Rapid Prototyping Capability Solutions Networks (Broad Community of Research Practice) MAPS Models OSSEs Earth Science Solutions Knowledge Base Operations Solutions Knowledge Base Data Inputs Missions Data to Information

  31. Applied Sciences (ISS Projects) SI Roses Applied Sciences (SN Projects) Other Other Roses Earth Science Research Other NASA SI SI SI SOLUTIONS NETWORKS(Forging links for DECISIONS) NASA APPLIED SCIENCES PROGRAM Rapid Prototyping Capability Solutions Networks (Broad Community of Research Practice) MAPS Models OSSEs Earth Science Solutions Knowledge Base Operations Solutions Knowledge Base Data Inputs Missions Inventory of available measurements and models

  32. INTEGRATED SYSTEMS SOLUTIONS(Program Architecture Framework) • This is where the Applied Sciences Program extends benefit to the Earth Science Program “VALUE CHAIN” by adding links for DECISIONS : • The primary function of the Applied Sciences Program is to promote the acceptance, utilization, and exploitation of NASA-inspired science results (missions, measurements and models) by improving existing decision support systems at all levels of government use for policy and management decision-making, and extend the benefits from the Earth Science Program to society. This was previously described as: • EARTH SCIENCE RESEARCH PROGRAM > APPLIED SCIENCES PROGRAM • and now • QUESTIONS> MISSIONS> MEASUREMENTS> MODELS> DECISIONS In the following, we illustrate the process employed at the Applied Sciences Program to achieve the desired results. From a high-level point of view, the project architectural framework to do this is known as: Integrated Systems Solutions (linking EARTH SCIENCE RESEARCH with DECISIONS for societal benefit).

  33. MODELS Line of sight MEASUREMENTS DECISIONS MISSIONS Knowledge to Decisions Data to Information

  34. NASA APPLIED SCIENCES PROGRAM Applied Sciences (ISS Projects) Rapid Prototyping Capability SI Solutions Networks (Broad Community of Research Practice) Roses Applied Sciences (SN Projects) MAPS Other Other Roses Models Earth Science Research OSSEs Other Earth Science Solutions Knowledge Base Operations Solutions Knowledge Base NASA Data Inputs Missions Partnership Area Policy Decision Support Systems Decisions Management SI SI SI Decisions Partner Impact Arena Outcomes Outputs Knowledge to Decisions Line of sight How and where do you interact? Data to Information

  35. NASA’s Integrated Systems Solutions for Agricultural Efficiency:NASA– FAS/PECAD – WAOB (Line of sight) NASA’s General Area of Interest Partner’s General Area of Interest Knowledge System Partnership Area Impact Arena • Earth Science Models • Agricultural • Meteorological • Model • AGRMET • Two-Layer soil • moisture models • Crop models: • CERES, • AGRISTARS, • Mass, • URCROP, • Sinclair • Predictions/ Forecasts • 12-month Global • seasonal surface • temperature/soil • moisture / • precipitation • forecast • Crop maturity • Crop yield • Water availability Line of sight DSS DMS DSE • Decision Support Tools • PECAD/CADRE (Crop Assessment Data Retrieval and Evaluation) • Generated time-series graphs for rainfall, temperature, and soil moisture • Multiyear time series/crop comparisons • Vegetation anomaly detection • Automated Web products • Value and Benefits • Early warning of problems in major agricultural commodities • Better seasonal yield estimates • Early warning of food shortages • Greater economic security for agriculture sector Data • Earth • Observatories • Land: Acqua, • Terra, Landsat • 7, SRTM, • TOPEX, Jason – • 1, NPP*, • NPOESS*, • Hydros* • Atmosphere: • TRMM, OCO*, • GPM • Ocean: SeaWIFS, • QuikSCAT, • AQUA, • Aquarius* • *Future mission • Observations • Biomass • Land cover/use • Land surface • Topograpy • Ocean surface • currents • Global • precipitation • Soil moisture • Reservoir level • Evapo – • transpiration • Radiation Inputs Outputs Outcomes Impacts Knowledge to Decisions Data to Information

  36. Proposal Requirements:Systematic Approach • Formulation of architecture for enhancing a Decision Support System through an integrated system solution • Evaluation of potential capacity for NASA research results to contribute to partnering agency decision support tools (What is the value?) • Verification that components can be physically connected into system configuration • Validation of science and technology performance of the system through rigorous analysis of flow through of science data products in the integrated system • Benchmarking of performance of the integrated system solution outputs in terms of value to decision makers.

  37. Enhanced Decision Support Problem Problem Decision Support Enhanced Decision Decision Decision Support System State 1 (“As is”) Decision Support System State 2 (“Target”) User User Request for Enhanced Decision Support Information Request for Decision Support Information DSS State n Enhancement • Subsystem Design & Construction/Interfaces 3’ 2’ State n=0 Start 3 2 1 4 State n • Feasibility Assessment (Evaluation) • Requirements Study • Feasibility Assessment (Evaluation) • Requirements Study • System Design • Feasibility Assessment (Evaluation)

  38. Enhanced Decision Support Problem Problem Decision Support Enhanced Decision Decision Decision Support System State 1 (“As is”) Decision Support System State 2 (“Target”) User User Request for Enhanced Decision Support Information Request for Decision Support Information DSS State n DSS State n+1 Enhancement • Subsystem Design & Construction/Interfaces • Integration • Full System Test – V & V • Transition to Operations • Subsystem Design & Construction/Interfaces • Integration • Full System Test – V & V • Subsystem Design & Construction/Interfaces • Integration • Subsystem Design & Construction/Interfaces 3’ 2’ State n=0 Start 3 6 2 5 1 4 State n State n+1 7 9 8 • Feasibility Assessment (Evaluation) • Requirements Study • System Design • Feasibility Assessment (Evaluation) • Requirements Study • Feasibility Assessment (Evaluation) • Analysis/Benchmarking • Analysis/Benchmarking • Evolution Decision • Analysis/Benchmarking • Evolution Decision • Decommission/Stop Benchmark Report 10 Stop

  39. Applied Sciences (ISS Projects) Roses Applied Sciences (SN Projects) Other Other Roses Earth Science Research Other NASA SI SI SI SI RAPID PROTOTYPING CAPABILITYand KNOWLEDGE BASE(Forging links for DECISIONS) NASA APPLIED SCIENCES PROGRAM Rapid Prototyping Capability Solutions Networks (Broad Community of Research Practice) MAPS Models OSSEs Earth Science Solutions Knowledge Base Operations Solutions Knowledge Base Data Inputs Missions Virtual process for pre-formulation of Integrated Systems Solutions projects and conceptual warehouse of available measurements and models

  40. APPLIED SCIENCES PROGRAM Who may participate? When may they participate? Where and what kind of projects can be conducted?

  41. Carbon Management Aviation Energy Management Air Quality Coastal Management Homeland Security Disaster Management Ecological Forecasting Water Management PublicHealth InvasiveSpecies Agricultural Efficiency Applications of National Priority Who may participate? When may they participate? Where and what kind of projects can be conducted?

  42. Research And Analysis Program demand supply Applied Sciences Program Operations Crosscutting Solutions National Applications Government Agencies & National Organizations NASA Earth Science Research Rapid Prototyping Capability (RPC) Integrated System Solutions (ISS) Scientific Rigor Societal Benefits Solutions Network (SN) Uncertainty Analysis • Evaluation • V & V • Benchmarking ` A FINAL LOOK AT THEAPPLIED SCIENCES PROGRAM EARTH SCIENCE RESEARCH PROGRAM > APPLIED SCIENCES PROGRAM Knowledge to Decisions Data to Information

  43. From Part I you should have noted: • NASA’s Earth science research program formally derives from national needs and concerns coincident with global concerns for the continued improvement of life for mankind on this planet. • The Applied Sciences Program was established to expedite benefits from Earth science, technology and data results beyond the traditional science community and to address practical, near-term problems. • Solutions Networks – Inventory of available measurements & models • Rapid Prototyping Capability - Virtual process for pre-formulation of Integrated Systems Solutions projects and conceptual warehouse of available measurements and models • The why, what, how, who, when, and where of the Integrated Systems Solution architecture. • Expectations for future proposals to the Applied Sciences Program.

  44. Continued • Evolutionary “VALUE CHAIN” from Earth Science Research to the Applied Sciences Program at NASA: QUESTIONS > MISSIONS > MEASUREMENTS> MODELS (and now) > DECISIONS • Rationale for Applied Sciences Program structure • Limited set of topics – 12 National Applications • Defined partners and their roles – Federal agencies with decision support needs • Benefits to all of society – Federal partners with extension to national governmental agencies • Range of NASA products that have potential value for DECISIONS • Landsat and MODIS land products are proven • All models, many current “Un-Applied” and all future missions have untapped potential value (to be discussed in Part III)

  45. Requirements for a successful ISS proposal • WHO – Defined DSS owner agency partner and all participants with roles and responsibilities consistent with the 12 National Applications. • WHAT – Defined DSS with pre-formulation characterization of State 1. • WHY – Established proof-of-concept and potential value of State 2 via the “VALUE CHAIN” (using the Rapid Prototyping Capability, as appropriate). • HOW – Propose a plan to enhance the DSS to function at State 2 with NASA missions, models and geophysical parameters via the Solutions Networkas appropriate: • Propose an Integrated System Solution architectural framework using, especially, “Un-Applied” and future mission results, • Plan to conduct Verification & Validation on the missions, models and geophysical parameters to verify suitability for the planned operational need, and • Plan to measure system performance – Benchmark the DSS performance change. • WHERE – The DSS owner agency can be at any level of government but the DSS enhancement must have national or large regional applicability. • WHEN – Within 1 – 3 years of award and with sufficient mission life remaining after transition to operations.

  46. PART II Examining a successful example of the program

  47. AM • Example of the process – Integrated Systems for Agriculture • PECAD/FAS/USDA • (Morning workshop – Ed Sheffner & Brad Doorn)

  48. PM • Example of the process – • Integrated Solutions for Sustainable Resources • SERVIR • (Danny Hardin)

  49. PART III NASA Missions: Introducing the new dimensions of science – Steve Volz

  50. PART IV Questions & Answers

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