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The Lymphatic System

Joe Pistack MS/ED. The Lymphatic System . The lymphatic system contains: Lymph Lymphatic vessels Lymphoid organs Lymphoid tissue Lymphoid tissue is scattered widely throughout the body. Lymph. Lymphatic vessels return tissue to the blood.

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The Lymphatic System

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  1. Joe Pistack MS/ED The Lymphatic System

  2. The lymphatic system contains: • Lymph • Lymphatic vessels • Lymphoid organs • Lymphoid tissue Lymphoid tissue is scattered widely throughout the body. Lymph

  3. Lymphatic vessels return tissue to the blood. Specialized lymphatic vessels play an important role in intestinal absorption of fats and fat soluble vitamins. Lymphoid tissue helps the body defend itself against disease. Functions of Lymph

  4. Lymphatic System • Lymphedema-lymph channels back up and there is a back-up of interstitial fluid.

  5. Lymph is a clear fluid that resembles plasma. • Composition: • Water • Electrolytes: Na+, Cl. • Waste from metabolizing cells. • Some albumin that leaks out of the capillaries. Lymph

  6. Has a similar structure to the blood capillaries and the veins. Has the same distribution as the blood capillaries and veins. Lymphatic Vessels

  7. Lymph flows toward the heart through a series of lymphatic vessels until it reaches the lymphatic ducts. Lymph from the rest of the body drains into the thoracic duct. Lymphatic Vessels

  8. Lymphatic System

  9. Both ducts empty the lymph into the subclavian veins. Right lymphatic duct drains lymph into the right subclavian vein. Thoracic duct drains lymph into the left subclavian vein. Lymphatic Vessels

  10. Lymphatic Ducts

  11. Includes: • Lymph nodes • Tonsils • Thymus gland • Spleen • Lymphoid organs and lymphoid tissue help defend the body against disease. Lymphoid Organs

  12. Lymph Tissue

  13. Lymph nodes – small pea-shaped patches of lymphatic tissue strategically located so as to filter the lymph as it flows through the lymphatic vessels. Lymph nodes tend to appear in clusters. Lymph Nodes

  14. Lymph Nodes • Cervical lymph nodes: • Drain and cleanse lymph coming from the head and neck areas. Enlarged tender cervical lymph nodes often accompany upper respiratory infections.

  15. Axillary Lymph Nodes • Axillary lymph nodes- located in the axillary, or armpit. Drain and cleanse lymph coming from the upper extremities, shoulder, and breast area. Cancer cells that escape from the breast are often found in the axillary lymph nodes.

  16. Inguinal lymph nodes • Located in the groin region. Drain and cleanse lymph from the lower extremities and external genetalia.

  17. Tonsils-partially encapsulated lymph nodes in the throat area. Filter tissue fluid contaminated by pathogens that enter the body through the nose or mouth or both. Three sets of tonsils. Tonsils

  18. Palatine Tonsils • Small masses of lymphoid tissue located at the opening of the oral cavity into the pharynx. • Set of tonsils removed in a tonsillectomy.

  19. Pharyngeal tonsils • Also called adenoids. • Located near the opening of the nasal cavity in the upper pharynx. • Enlargement of the adenoids may interfere with breathing.

  20. Lingual Tonsils • Located at the back of the tongue.

  21. Thymus Gland • Located in the upper mediastinum in thoracic cavity. • Plays a crucial role in the development of the immune system before birth and in the first few months after birth.

  22. Gland shrinks after puberty but remains active throughout life Thymosins- hormone secreted by the thymus gland. Thymus Gland

  23. Spleen • Largest lymphoid organ in the body. • Located in the upper left quadrant of the abdominal cavity. • Filters blood rather than lymph.

  24. Composed of two types of tissue: (1) white pulp-lymphoid tissue consisting primarily of lymphocytes surrounding arteries. (2)-red pulp-contains venous sinus filled with blood and disease-preventing cells such as lymphocytes and macrophages. The Spleen

  25. Red and WHITE PULP

  26. Cleansing role • Stores blood, especially platelets • Destroys and phagocytes, old worn-out blood cells (called the graveyard of blood cells) • Plays a role in erythropoiesis (site of red blood cell production) before birth • Production of lymphocytes • Can live without a spleen, more prone to infection Functions of the spleen

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