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Comparing Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Cells

Learn about the similarities and differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells in this informative double-bubble map. Explore the basic unit of life and the principles behind the cell theory.

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Comparing Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Cells

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  1. 3.1 Cell Theory 2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules Sponge: Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 21 Topic: Cell Theory Essential Question: Compare and Contrast Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic cells in a double-bubble map Describe the difference between Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Cells in a double-bubble map Key Concept: Cells are the basic unit of life

  2. Pg. 20 Discussion Questions (3) Prokaryotic Cell Eukaryotic Cell EQ: Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Cell Double-Bubble

  3. Table Discussion: • What do you think about when you hear the word “cell”? (Think of more than one type) • What do these “cells” have in common?

  4. These are some things that you may think of when you think of a cell: Cell phone jail cell monk’s cell cell They have/are: structure, small, things inside, matter, mass, made of atoms, used by humans…

  5. KEY CONCEPT Cells are the Basic unit of life. Macrophages- play an important role in your immune system- take in a digest foreign materials (red= bacteria)

  6. Introduction to Cells Video 2m55s

  7. The cell theory grew out of the work of many scientists and improvements in the microscope. • Many scientists contributed to the cell theory. Concluded that ALL living things are made of cells Proposed that all cells come from other cells First to identify cells and named them Made better lenses for microscopes First to note that plants are made of cells

  8. Robert Hooke • In 1665 he used the three-lens compound microscope to examine thin slices of cork • He observed that cork is made of tiny, hallow compartments • These compartments reminded Hooke of small rooms found in monasteries (where monks live), so he named them cells.

  9. More was learned about cells as microscopes improved.

  10. Hooke and the Development of Microscopes 3m52s

  11. Cells Red blood cells cork

  12. How does the size of a cell in a blue whale compare to the size of the cell in a tadpole?

  13. How does the size of a cell in a blue whale compare to the size of the cell in a tadpole? A: Most cells in a whale are the same size as in a tadpole! So what makes a blue whale so much bigger? A whale has far more cells.

  14. The Cell theory has three principles. 1. All organisms are made of cells.

  15. 2. All existing cells are produced by other living cells.

  16. 3. The cell is the most basic unit of life.

  17. One of the 3 principles of cell theory is that ALL existing cells are produced by other existing cells. Apply this principle to a cut on your arm. (Explain what is happening throughout the healing process)

  18. Answer One of the 3 principles of cell theory is that ALL existing cells are produced by other existing cells. Apply this principle to a cut on your arm. • You get a cut • You start to bleed • You form a scab • Messages are sent to skin cells to replicate • Skin cells replicate through mitosis • New skin cells are created • Scab falls off • You are healed!

  19. All cells share certain characteristics:

  20. Bacterium (colored SEM; magnification 8800x) All cells share certain characteristics: • Cells tend to be microscopic.

  21. cell membrane Bacterium (colored SEM; magnification 8800x) All cells share certain characteristics: • Cells tend to be microscopic. • All cells are enclosed by a membrane.

  22. cell membrane cytoplasm Bacterium (colored SEM; magnification 8800x) All cells share certain characteristics • Cells tend to be microscopic. • All cells are enclosed by a membrane. • All cells are filled with cytoplasm.

  23. cell membrane cytoplasm Bacterium (colored SEM; magnification 8800x) All cells share certain characteristics • Cells tend to be microscopic. • All cells are enclosed by a membrane. • All cells are filled with cytoplasm. • All cells have DNA

  24. Bacterium (colored SEM; magnification 8800x) Cytoplasm: is a jellylike substance that contains dissolved molecular building blocks- such as proteins, nucleic acids, minerals, and ions

  25. Introduction to Cells 2 3m35s

  26. nucleus organelles cell membrane • There are two cell types: eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells. • Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus. • The nucleus holds the DNA • Have membrane-bound organelles • May be multi-cellular or single-celled organisms Draw and label picture in the middle of p. 20

  27. Organelles: structures that are specialized to perform distinct processes within a cell. The nucleus is usually the largest and most visible organelle.

  28. Things that have Eukaryotic Cells: PLANTS ANIMALS FUNGI

  29. cytoplasm • Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus. • do not have membrane-bound organelles • DNA is in the cytoplasm • All are microscopic, single-celled organisms cell membrane Draw and label picture in the middle of p. 20

  30. Things that have prokaryotic cells Archaea Bacteria

  31. On the bottom of pg. 20: Draw a double-bubble map comparing and contrasting Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic cells (include mini picture)

  32. Cells tend to be microscopic No nucleus Has a nucleus All are produced by other cells Always single celled Prokaryotic cells All cells are enclosed by a membrane Eukaryotic cells DNA in nucleus DNA in cytoplasm DNA No membrane-bound organelles Has membrane-bound organelles All cells are filled with cytoplasm.

  33. 3.1 Cell Theory Cont’ 2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules Sponge: Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 23 Topic: Cell Theory Cont’ Essential Question: None  EQ: None 

  34. On pg. 22: Cell Video Notes Prokaryotic cells vs. Eukaryotic cells Bacteria: Archaea: • Leave room for at least 5 bullets each!!!! How Viruses Work: The littlest Assassins:

  35. Video Notes: Prokaryotic Cells v. Eukaryotic Cells • Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Cells (2 videos) • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WRO-DPyB9Bk • Bacteria • Archaea

  36. Viruses • Virus- An infective agent that typically consists of a DNA or RNA strand in a protein coat. • multiply onlywithin the living cells of a host • Antibiotics will not work on them • Vaccines prevent them Protein Coat EX: Herpes virus Influenza Chickenpox Ebola virus Draw and label picture on p. 23

  37. Movies about Viruses I am Legend 28 weeks later The Stand (book) Osmosis Jones The Happening

  38. Video Notes: Viruses • The Littlest Assassins • How Viruses Work

  39. Classwork/Homework On the rest of pg. 23: Draw a tree map classifyingProkaryotic cells, Eukaryotic cells, and Viruses (use video/class notes) Cells Viruses Prokaryotic Eukaryotic

  40. Draw a tree map classifyingProkaryotic cells, Eukaryotic cells, and Viruses Cells and Viruses Eukaryotic Viruses Prokaryotic • Nucleus • DNA in protein Coat • No nucleus • Organelles • Needs a host • No organelles • Antibiotics do not work on them • Single-celled • Multi-cellular • DNA in cytoplasm • And Single-cellular • DNA in nucleus • Vaccines prevent

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