Three Decades of Integrated Child Development Services : An Appraisal

1. Three Decades of Integrated Child Development Services : An Appraisal -A Presentation

2. OBJECTIVES • Assess the existing status of implementation of ICDS in terms of coverage, out reach, coordination, convergence, and innovations; • Study the differences in implementation in rural, urban tribal, NGO and WB projects; • Identify gaps and problems in the implementation of ICDS; • Find out the perception of community and local bodies and support extended by them; • Ascertain inter-linkages of ICDS with other development programmes; and • Assess the benefits of ICDS on selected outcome indicators

3. UNIVERSE & SAMPLE SELECTION Universe: • Sample was drawn only from blocks which were operational as on 01- 04- 2000 i.e. 4200 projects 3177 rural, 273 urban and 750 tribal). • For the Study, 150 ICDS projects are selected as a sample i.e. roughly 4% of the total universe. Sample: 1st Stage=Stratified Sampling Technique to decide no. of projects statewise 2nd Stage= Stratified+Purposive ( Wherever, there was even one project of rural, urban & tribal category, purposively selected). Selection of Districts: - Districts with maximum number of projects selected * Selection of Projects: - Projects with maximum number of AWWs selected * Selection of AWC villages: - Randomly and at least from two Supervisory circles * Selection of Beneficiaries: - Randomly with the help of AWC’s record

5. Tools • A-Interview Schedule for Beneficiaries: No. per AWC • Schedule for Pregnant Women 4 • Schedule for Nursing Mothers 4 • Schedule for Mothers of 6m-3yrs. Children 5 • Schedule for Mothers of 3-6yrs. Children 5 • Schedule for Women (15-45yrs) 5 • Household Schedule 23 • B-Schedule for obtaining information related to support & convergence • Schedule for Community Leaders • i) Members of PRIs 1 • ii) School Teacher 1 • C- Observation Schedules • CLCT( Child Learning Competency Test) 6 • Observation schedule for AWC 1

6. Contd/- • D-Schedule for the Functionaries • No. of Schedule/Project • Schedule for CDPOs 1 • Schedule for MO 1 • Schedule for Supervisor 2 • Schedule for LHV/ANM 1 • Schedule for AWWs 25 Total No. of Respondents=41,842

7. Data Quality • Measures taken: • * Preparation of detailed Guidelines • Preparation of Pre-coded Interview Schedules • Orient. Workshop of NIPCCD Faculty & Regional Coordinators • Rigorous training to field staff • Editing to detect errors & omissions in entries of the schedules • Data revalidation at the time of entry & validation with the help of “Clipper” software • Checked range/consistency of every coded response • Manual checking of 10% entries Computerization & Analysis • New Concept Information System – a Delhi based professional agency has been engaged for Computerization and data analysis

8. Highlights of Findings

9. ICDS Over the Years - Infrastructure (at AWC level) Type of Building of AWCs

10. ICDS Over the Years - Infrastructure (at AWC level) Availability of Equipment/ Kit in usable Condition

12. Training Status (% trained) D.N.A.= Data Not Available

13. Educational Qualification of AWWs (% age)

14. ICDS Over the YearsSupplementary Nutrition

15. Birth Weight of New Born Children

18. Disruption in Distribution of SN

19. PSE, Health Check-up & IFA to Children

20. Place of Delivery (in percentage)

21. Birth Attended By

22. Percentage of Children Immunized

23. Appraisal of ICDS Management – Input Variables • X1 = % of CDPOs in position • X2 = % of Supervisors in position • X3 = % of AWWs in position • X4 = % of trained CDPOs • X5 = % of trained Supervisors • X6 = % of trained AWWs • X7 = No. of visit of CDPO • X8 = No. of supervisory visits • X9= Coordination (as reported by CDPO) with Health Department • X10= Average No. of days SN supplied • X11= Availability of Weighing Scale • X12= Availability of PSE Kit • X13= Availability of NHEd Materials • X14= Availability of Medicine Kit Based on above Input Variables Projects are rated as: Very Good=63, Good= 71, Poor=16, Total=150

25. Appraisal of Output/Outcomes of Programme • Y1 = Observation Score of AWCs • Y2 = CLCT Score (Child Learning Competency Test): • Y3 = % of Children under Normal category • Y4 = % of Grade I Children • Y5 = % of Grade II Children • Y6 = % of Grade III and IV Children • Y7= No. of 3-6 years children attending PSE classes • Y8 = No. of fully immunized (children) • Y9 = No. of fully immunized (pregnant women) • Y10= Health check-up (No. of Women) • Y11= Health check-up (No. of children) • Y12= No. of NHEd sessions organized • Y13= No. of Referral Cases • Y14= No. of Pass out Children admitted to Primary School Based on above Output/Outcome Variables Projects are rated as: Very Good=43, Good= 86, Poor=21 Total=150

27. Relationship Between Input, Output / Outcomes Output / Outcomes (No. of Projects) Input

28. Gap Areas

29. Infrastructure a) No toilet facility 60% AWCs b) Unsatisfactory toilet facility 17 % AWCs c) Non availability of Sub- 57% AWCs Centres d) Non-availability of - Indoor Space 48.5 % AWCs - Outdoor 48.7 % AWCs e) No separate space for 50.0 % AWCs Storage

30. Equipments/Kits/Utensil a) Non-availability of Weighing 9.29 % AWCs Scale b) Non-availability of learning kit 44.1 % AWCs c) Non-availability of NHEd 37 % AWCs materials/aids d) Non-availability of Utensils - For cooking 28.7 % AWCs - For serving 33.6 % AWCs

31. Coordination Non-existence of Coordination Committee at Project level Rural 20.0 % Tribal 28.1 % Urban 12.5 %

32. Services • SN a) Disruption in supply (Av.days) 41.3 days b) Supply of Spoiled Food items 6.3 % projects c) LBW Babies 29.0 %

33. Health Check-up a) Health Check-up not done - 0-3 years children 43.9 % - 3-6 years children 53.3 % b) Children not receiving IFA Tablets - 6 months - 3 years 40.4 % - 3 - 6 years 35.2 % c) Children not immunized fully 34.0 %