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Colonization of North America

Colonization of North America. AIM: How was the first English settlement founded?. “E Pluribus Unum”: Out of Many, One. First English Attempts at Colonization. Sir Humphrey Gilbert – 1578 Sir Walter Raleigh - 1587. II. Reasons for English Settlement.

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Colonization of North America

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  1. Colonization of North America AIM: How was the first English settlement founded?

  2. “E Pluribus Unum”: Out of Many, One

  3. First English Attempts at Colonization • Sir Humphrey Gilbert – 1578 • Sir Walter Raleigh - 1587

  4. II. Reasons for English Settlement • Depression of woolen industry in England • Population explosion • Archbishop Laud persecution of Puritans (Separatists) • Other Groups Persecuted: Hugenots, Mennonites, Irish • Defeat of Spanish Armada • Joint Stock Company provides financial support through PRIVATE individual investment

  5. Discourse on Western Planting, Richard Hakluyt (1584) • Chance to empty “Debtors” Prisons filled with able men • Chance to spread Christianity • Find N.W. passage to China

  6. III. Jamestown - 1607

  7. Malaria ridden swamps “Starving Time” No skilled agricultural force A. Problems

  8. John Smith 1608-1610 1. “He who shall not work, shall not eat.”

  9. John Rolfe - 1612: “Cultivation of Tobacco” • House of Burgesses – 1619 1. “Seminary of Sedition” …King James 2. 3.

  10. IV. 3 Kinds of Colonies • Corporate Colony: • Royal Colony: C. Proprietary Colony

  11. Catholic Refuge Established by Lord Baltimore Economy: tobacco Impact: Land rush V. Maryland - 1634

  12. Maryland Act of Toleration • That whatsoever person or persons within this Province and the Islands thereunto belonging shall from henceforth blaspheme God, that is Curse him, or deny our Saviour Jesus Christ to bee the son of God, or shall deny the holy Trinity the father son and holy Ghost, or the Godhead of any of the said Three persons of the Trinity or the Unity of the Godhead, or shall use or utter any reproachfull Speeches, words or language concerning the said Holy Trinity, or any of the said three persons thereof, shall be punished with death and confiscation or forfeiture of all his or her lands and goods to the Lord Proprietary and his heires.

  13. Protected Catholics • Gave death penalty to Jews and atheists • Less toleration than did exist before – but temporarily protect Catholics.

  14. Summary • Both Religious and Economic goals • Willing to allow privateers (private companies) • Motivated by imperial competition with Spain • Settlers fleeing political and religious conflicts

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