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Paragraph 3.9

Paragraph 3.9. The Batavian Republic. Old situation in The Netherlands :. 1787: William V became Stadholder again, after his wife’s brother (King of Prussia) entered with his army. King attacked the Patriots. France. The Patriots saw France as their ally against William V.

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Paragraph 3.9

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  1. Paragraph 3.9 The BatavianRepublic

  2. Old situation in The Netherlands: • 1787: William V became Stadholder again, after his wife’s brother (King of Prussia) entered with his army. • King attacked the Patriots.

  3. France • The Patriots saw France as their ally against William V. • France had offered to help any country that wanted freedom from their ruler. • So the Patriots asked France to help them, to get rid of William V. • France wanted to take over the Dutch coast, so was happy to help!

  4. France attacked! • France attacked in January 1795 • William fled to Britain. • French were seen as liberators. • The country got a new name: • Batavian Republic. • (Batavian, like an old German tribe in Roman Times)

  5. The Patriots finally had the Revolution that they wanted in 1787 • Now called the Batavian Revolution.

  6. But! • The French wanted payment for their help! • They demanded a National Assembly to govern the country • They wanted 100 million guilders • And the Dutch had to pay for 5000 French soldiers that stayed in the Republic. (House, food, clothing, etc)

  7. Also • This ‘liberation’ also meant war with Britain • This war would ruin the Dutch trade and fishing. • Between 1795 and 1805: Republic had several types of government. • 1805: Napoleon Bonaparte, ruler of France made a new government: • Led by Grand Pensionary, he took all the decisions. • Within a year: centralised tax system, and education.

  8. Bonaparte • 1806: Napoleon made the country: • The Kingdom of Holland • His brother, Louis, became our king.

  9. Louis Bonaparte • He was quite a good ruler! • He spoke Dutch • Listened to Dutch advisors • Hated the effect of the British blockade of our trade • He allowed Dutch smugglers and privateers to trade secretly. • He introduced compulsory state education for all children • He had a centralised government, but wanted to help us.

  10. Also, • He also refused Napoleon’s demand for Dutch conscripts • And didn’t want to close all ports in January 1808. • But in 1810: Napoleon wanted the Netherlands to listen to him, so Napoleon took it by force. • Until 1813: Netherlands were French. • French laws and taxes. • But there was a good working, centralised, government.

  11. French: • France got our conscripts, • 15.000 Dutch soldiers fought in a war against Russia. • Napoleon soon lost a lot of battles, • He also had problems in France • November 1813: • French army left the Netherlands. • Orangists started risings and burned buildings down.

  12. New leader? • Who should run the country? • Orangists wanted an orange-man ofcourse! • William V’s son lived in Britain. • Some nobles asked him to become their king. • He accepted • And landed on 30 November 1813. • He called himself: Willem I • (officially Willem VI) • Netherlands are a kingdom!

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