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RIPT: A Receiver-initiated Reservation-based Protocol for Underwater Acoustic Networks

RIPT: A Receiver-initiated Reservation-based Protocol for Underwater Acoustic Networks. Nitthita Chirdchoo, Wee-Seng Soh, Kee Chaing Chua IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS, VOL. 26, NO. 9, DECEMBER 2008. Outline. Introduction Receiver Initiated Packet Train (RIPT) Protocol

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RIPT: A Receiver-initiated Reservation-based Protocol for Underwater Acoustic Networks

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  1. RIPT: A Receiver-initiated Reservation-based Protocol for Underwater Acoustic Networks Nitthita Chirdchoo, Wee-Seng Soh, Kee Chaing Chua IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS, VOL. 26, NO. 9, DECEMBER 2008

  2. Outline • Introduction • Receiver Initiated Packet Train (RIPT) Protocol • Simulation and Results • Conclusion

  3. Introduction • In terrestrial, typically assume the propagation delay is negligible • busy signal, handshaking mechanism • In contrast, underwater communication resulting in • propagation delay and narrow available bandwidth • may not be practical to set aside a separate frequency band for transmitting busy signals

  4. RIPT Protocol Overview • Long propagation delay, node takes much longer to receive control packets • higher collision rate, and again, low throughput • It appears that receiver-initiated reservations are better • because a receiver knows exactly when the current handshake will end • Utilized a receiver-initiated 4-way (RTR/SIZE/ORDER/DATA) handshake

  5. 4-Way Handshaking

  6. Initiated by RTR Packet • It contains • receiver’s ID and number of data slots reserved at the receiver (Mtrain) • inter-node propagation delay from itself to each of its neighbors • a flag to indicate whether the receiver has any DATA packet to broadcast • Nodes have same propagation delay • granting priority to node with smaller node ID

  7. Transmission Time of SIZE Packet Receive RTR

  8. First Hop Neighbor Calculate

  9. ORDER Packet • It contains the total slots assigned to each neighboring, and the order of transmission • Each of the neighboring nodes is assigned a unique priority randomly • Mtrain = 4

  10. Broadcast Packet (Nb) • Receiver resends the information on broadcast packets • Improve the chances of its neighbors to be ready for them • After ORDER packet transmitting, receiver transmits its broadcast packets, if any

  11. DATA Train Transmission

  12. Adaptive Train Size • If the receiver finds that its Mtrain is not large enough • increases Mtrain by 2 for the next round • If it finds that there are sufficient slot requests to fill up its Mtrain • decreases Mtrain by 1 • There should be a maximum limit for Mtrain, • avoid any receiver from capturing the channel for too long

  13. When to Initiate an RTR Packet • The timing of initiating RTR packets is an important issue • Pick the exponential distribution for the time between RTR-initiations

  14. Fairness Bit • To avoid same node acting as a receiver before other neighboring • fairness bit • If a node has released from a handshaking loop while acting as a receiver • set bit to ‘0’, and will not initiate any RTR packet • reset once only the node has served as sender • if a node has set ‘0’ for longer than tlimit,it will reset back to ‘1’

  15. Simulation and Results

  16. The effect of Mtrain and Tavg offered load per node = 0.07

  17. Throughput

  18. Transmission and Collision

  19. Delay

  20. Conclusion • They proposed and studied a new MAC protocol for multi-hop underwater acoustic networks – RIPT • Random access handshaking protocol that addresses long propagation delay • utilizing receiver-initiated reservations

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