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Population

Population. Describe - Why ?. Define. BR DR IMR Natural increase Migration Over population Under population Population density. Why do populations grow at different rates. Population structure: why are they different?. DTM. Issues. Impacts such as:.

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Population

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  1. Population

  2. Describe - Why?

  3. Define • BR • DR • IMR • Natural increase • Migration • Over population • Under population • Population density

  4. Why do populations grow at different rates

  5. Population structure: why are they different?

  6. DTM

  7. Issues

  8. Impacts such as: • strain on working population/economy/families; unable to supply enough foodto pay for childcare . • time spent by women on childcare/unable to do other work • need for more money to be spent on health care/maternity facilities • overcrowded homes; • street children; • not enough and overcrowded schools; • cost of education/school; so children don’t get qualifications • education for girls

  9. Issues

  10. Impacts such as: • strain on economy/working population; therefore higher taxation in order to pay pensions • need for more money to be spent on facilities for elderly; e.g. care homes/health care • not enough workers for key positions; so need to attract foreign workers anddifficult to defend country • services for young under utilised/uneconomical; therefore schools closed down

  11. Population policies: China, 1979 How does it work? • incentives for one child families such as free places in schools and free healthcare, • forced abortion/sterilization for parents after first child. • Workplace ‘snooper’ required to grant permission for employees to have child, • advertise benefits of small families such as greater amount of disposable income available

  12. Issues • 4:2:1 • Ageing population • Female infanticide, 86:100 • 50 million unmarried men • Relaxed in rural areas such as Tibet • Urban industrial areas working well • FR down from 6.1 in 1950 to 1.7 today • 400 million less than without policy

  13. Singapore: pro natal • Mid 1980s • Encouraged immigration and incr in BR • Also favoured graduates • “Have 3 or more if you can afford it” • 20,000SGD tax rebate on 4th child • 2006, FR 1.3

  14. HIV/AIDS: impact, Botswana

  15. people are unable to work/less food produced as they become weak cannot fight infections, • increases medical care cost as long term care is needed, • reduces size of population due to deaths of people of child bearing age, • increases numbers of orphans as many people who die of HIV/AIDS are aged between 20 and 40 etc

  16. Migration: why do people move?

  17. Poland to UK

  18. Issues such as: • provides more workers; e.g. skilled labour supply/doctors/dentists/technicians; • or cheap and easily exploited labourto do jobs locals do not want; • results in a multi-cultural society; which enhances cultural understanding; • provision of specialist amenities; e.g. restaurants/takeaways.

  19. Town to country

  20. Population density: low; Namibia 2.5 psqkm • Availability of water • Fertile land • agriculture • Trade, minerals • Urban areas: Issues: Workforce Economy, tax Resources Defence

  21. High density: Japan, 339 psqkm • Concentrated on coastal areas • Flat and fertile land • Commute from rural to urban • Urban areas, trade

  22. 262 per sq km • High density: SE, London, through Bham And Mchester. Industry Transport Also Ncastle, S wales, Central Scotland; Ind Med density: EA, SW, agr Low; N Scot, Mid Wales, agr

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