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Europe goes Offshore with Wind Farms

Europe goes Offshore with Wind Farms. Hermann J. Koch Senior Member IEEE Substations Committee Vice Chairman Siemens Energy Sector Transmission Erlangen, Germany. Europe goes Offshore with Wind Farms Content. Introduction European Union Sponsored Study Intermediate Results

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Europe goes Offshore with Wind Farms

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  1. Europe goes Offshorewith Wind Farms Hermann J. Koch Senior Member IEEE Substations Committee Vice Chairman Siemens Energy Sector Transmission Erlangen, Germany

  2. Europe goes Offshore with Wind FarmsContent • Introduction • European Union Sponsored Study • Intermediate Results A. Offshore Wind Farms B. Status of Offshore Wind Farm Planning C. Consequences for the Network IV. Conclusion

  3. Europe goes Offshore with Wind FarmsIntroduction (1) • European Union (EU) gives high goals to reduce CO2 emissions. • Regenerative energies are politically and financially sponsored. • Short permission times are supported by authorities and legal entities. • Unified in diversity: Different ways and processes in European countries are established.

  4. Europe goes Offshore with Wind FarmsIntroduction (2) • The latest technical developments made wind turbines more efficient and reliable. • Increase of wind turbines energy generation capability:

  5. Europe goes Offshore with Wind FarmsIntroduction (3) • Interconnecting Offshore Wind Farms • Vision of the Future

  6. Europe Union Sponsored StudyGIL for Offshore • "Feasibility of using Gas Insulated Transmission Lines (GIL) to Connect • Offshore Wind Farms in the European North Sea for Electricity Trade" • Status of project planning • Analysis of border crossing electricity trade • Analysis of possibilities for network connections • Load flow analysis to detect congestions • Specify the offshore laying condition for GIL • Ecological and public acceptance study • Economical aspects

  7. GIL-Offshore Participants at the project: Initiator international: • European Commission – DG Energy and Transport,Trans European Energy Networks TEN-E Initiator national: • German Federal Ministry of Economic Affairs and Employment Contractor: • Siemens • ILF • ForWind • University Hannover • University Oldenburg

  8. Europe Union Sponsored StudyIntermediate Results – Offshore Wind Farms (1) • What are the main advantages of offshore wind farms? • Much wind • No public • Not visible when far out • Much space

  9. Europe Union Sponsored StudyIntermediate Results – Offshore Wind Farms (2) • Beatrice Field – 5 MW wind turbine under construction:

  10. Europe Union Sponsored StudyIntermediate Results – Status of Offshore Wind Farm Planning • Authority approvement of offshore wind farm locations: • Where? The exact geographical location. • How much? The total amount and type of wind turbines and the electric power generation. • When? Time schedule, most parks have two or three stages of installation. • How to connect? To define the network connection point and how to get there.

  11. Europe Union Sponsored StudyIntermediate Results – Status: Germany

  12. Europe Union Sponsored StudyIntermediate Results – Status: United Kingdom

  13. Europe Union Sponsored StudyIntermediate Results – Status: The Netherlands

  14. Network Design 1/3 Collecting point 3 5926 MW GIL Collecting Point 2 1935.5 MW Collecting point 1 5962 MW GIL 14 14 14

  15. Network Design 2/3 Expected Wind Power Production in Nordsea year wise Year wise total Power Production at Collecting points No. of GILs Required to install year wise 15 15

  16. Europe Union Sponsored StudyConsequences for the Network (1) • Transmission Network • The existing power transmission network in EU does not fit. • Very high energy generation at places where the load is low. • Several 100 km from offshore to load centers. • High capacity transmission technology (AC and DC) with low transmission losses required. • Underground solution required at places whith public opposition. • Large investments in wind farms and in transmission network. • Many Power Engineers required!

  17. Europe Union Sponsored StudyConsequences for the Network (2) • Fluctuating Energy Generation • Wind energy is fluctuating. • Reliable wind forecast for power generation planning. • Energy storage for surplus; hydro storage and gas pressure in mines are under investigation.

  18. Europe Union Sponsored StudyConclusion (1) • Offshore wind farms are under fast development • A large quantity of wind turbines in many wind farm projects are under planning and project execution • First large scale wind turbines of 5 – 6 MW are in operation and construction • High improvements of efficiency and reliability of wind turbines are boosting this technology

  19. Europe Union Sponsored StudyConclusion (2) • In Substations • - a complete new transmission structure offshore • and on land is needed to solve the challenges • coming from offshore wind farms in the next future

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