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Evolution of Social Structures: From Communal Equality to Wealth Disparity

Explore the transition from communal living to wealth inequality in ancient societies. Discover how status, power, and social relations evolved as communities shifted towards agriculture. Learn about challenges faced in village life and defense strategies against external threats.

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Evolution of Social Structures: From Communal Equality to Wealth Disparity

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  1. Paragraph 1.5 Living together

  2. Communal property • In Drenthe they found a canoe in 1955. • It was used 9600 yearsagotohuntandfish! • It was made from a tree trunk. • It was communal property; usedby the wholetribe. • Everyone was equal.

  3. Status and power • No difference in status (respect) betweenpeople. • Allgravegoodswere the same, soequal! • Sometimes a person had more gravegoods: • Boar’stusk, beads (everzwijn hoektand + kralen) • This was a chieftain. (stamhoofd)

  4. Most tribes • Most tribemembers are equal • No big differences in power. • There is a chieftain, but his power is limited. • They make dicisionstogether.

  5. More inequality • Whenhunter-gatherersbecame farmers they had more possessions. • They had more room and time to collect things. • Theycouldexpandtheirherds of cattle. • Theycouldselltheir tools, or have more harvest.

  6. Social relations • Sotherewerebiggerdifferencesbetween farmers: richandpoor. • Their graves werealso different. • Richpeoplewereburiedwith more gravegoods. • Rich farmers became more important, with more status. • Social relations were different.

  7. More complicated • Living in a village was more complicatedthan in a group of nomads. • More inequality! • More jealousyandconflicts! • More agreements had tobe made, with more people.

  8. Under attack • Sometimes a village was under attack fromoutsideattackers. • Theywould built earthenembankments (dijken) or wallsaround the village.

  9. The end

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