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F ocus Area 22 Physical Activity and Fitness Progress Review

F ocus Area 22 Physical Activity and Fitness Progress Review. April 14, 2004. Physical Activity and Fitness Benefits. Builds and maintains healthy bones and muscles, controls weight, builds lean muscle, reduces fat, reduces blood pressure, and improves blood glucose control

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F ocus Area 22 Physical Activity and Fitness Progress Review

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  1. Focus Area 22Physical Activity and FitnessProgress Review April 14, 2004

  2. Physical Activity and Fitness Benefits • Builds and maintains healthy bones and muscles, controls weight, builds lean muscle, reduces fat, reduces blood pressure, and improves blood glucose control • Decreases the risk of obesity and chronic diseases (CHD, high blood pressure, diabetes, colon cancer, and osteoporosis) • Reduces feelings of depression and anxiety and promotes psychological well-being • Related to functional independence of older adults and quality of life of people of all ages

  3. Estimated Preventable Deaths, 2000 2,391,399 Total Deaths 1,159,000 Preventable (48%) 400,000 due to Poor Diet and Physical Inactivity (17%) Source: Anderson, RN. Deaths: Leading Causes for 2000. NVSR 50(16). Hyattsville, Maryland: National Center for Health Statistics. 2002; Mokdad, AH, et.al. Actual Causes of Death in the United States, 2000. JAMA 291(10): 1238-1245. March 10, 2004.

  4. Improving Getting worse Little or no change Cannot assess (limited data) Physical Activity and Fitness Objectives Physical Activity among Adults 22-9. Participation in daily school PE 22-10. Physical activity in PE class 22-11. Television viewing 22-12. Access to school physical activity facilities 22-1. No leisure time physical activity 22-2. Moderate regular physical activity 22-3. Vigorous physical activity 22-4. Muscular strength and endurance 22-5. Flexibility Worksites and Communities Physical Activity among Adolescents 22-13. Worksite physical activity and fitness programs 22-14. Community walking a. Adults b. Children and adolescents 22-15. Community bicycling a. Adults b. Children and adolescents 22-6. Moderate physical activity 22-7. Vigorous physical activity 22-8. Physical education requirement in schools a. Middle/junior high schools b. Senior high schools

  5. Highlighted Objectives 22-1. No leisure-time physical activity in adults 22-2. Moderate, regular physical activity in adults 22-3. Vigorous physical activity in adults 22-7. Vigorous physical activity in adolescents

  6. Data Issues/Gaps • Complex measurement methodology • Time / intensity • Recall period / accuracy • Question order • “Leisure” / “work” / “incidental” • Self-report / measured • Measurement bias • No standard methodology • Data for children

  7. NHIS Questions forObjectives 22-1, 22-2, and 22-3 The next questions are about physical activities (exercise, sports, physically active hobbies...) that you may do in your LEISURE time. • How often do you do VIGOROUS activities for AT LEAST 10 MINUTES that cause HEAVY sweating or LARGE increases in breathing or heart rate? • How often do you do LIGHT OR MODERATE activities for AT LEAST 10 MINUTES that cause ONLY LIGHT sweating or a SLIGHT TO MODERATE increase in breathing or heart rate?

  8. Physical Activity among Adults Some Some None None Moderate/ Vigorous Moderate/ Vigorous 1997 2002 Note: Data are for ages 18 years and over, age adjusted to the 2000 standard population. Moderate physical activity is regular leisure-time physical activity (moderate activity 30+ minutes/5+ times a week or vigorous activity 20+ minutes/3+ times a week). Source: National Health Interview Survey, NCHS, CDC. Objs. 22-1, 2

  9. Age-adjusted percent 1997 2002 Total Female Male 18-24 years 25-44 years 45-64 years 65-74 years 75 years and over No Physical Activity for Adults by Sex and Age 2010 Target 2010 Target 0 20 40 60 80 Age-adjusted percent Note: Data are for no leisure-time physical activity only; for ages 18 years and over, age adjusted to the 2000 standard population. I= 95% confidence interval. Source: National Health Interview Survey, NCHS, CDC. Obj. 22-1

  10. No Physical Activity for Adults by Race/Ethnicity 2010 Target American Indian 1999 2002 Asian Black White Hispanic 0 20 40 60 80 Age-adjusted percent Note: Data are for no leisure-time physical activity only; for ages 18 years and over, age adjusted to the 2000 standard population. American Indian includes Alaska Native. Black and white exclude persons of Hispanic origin. Persons of Hispanic origin may be any race. I= 95% confidence interval. Source: National Health Interview Survey, NCHS, CDC. Obj. 22-1

  11. No Physical Activity for Adults by Disability and Arthritis Status Age-adjusted percent 1997 2002* 2010 Target With Without With Without Disabilities Arthritis Note: Data are for no leisure-time physical activity only; for ages 18 years and over, age adjusted to the 2000 standard population. I = 95% confidence interval. *Arthritis data are for 2001 due to a change in the 2002 questionnaire. Source: National Health Interview Survey, NCHS, CDC. Obj. 22-1

  12. BRFSS question for objective 22-1 During the past month, other than your regular job, did you participate in any physical activities or exercises such as running, calisthenics, golf, gardening, or walking for exercise?

  13. Age-adjusted percent (Quartiles) 15.0 - 20.0 20.5 - 22.4 23.0 - 26.2 26.4 - 30.2 No Physical Activity for Adults by State, 2003 Note: Data are for ages 18 years and over, age adjusted to the 2000 standard population, for no leisure-time physical activity. Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, NCCDPHP, CDC. Obj. 22-1

  14. Total Female Male 18-24 years 25-44 years 45-64 years 65-74 years 75 years and over Moderate Physical Activity for Adults by Sex and Age Age-adjusted percent 2010 Target 1997 2002 2010 Target 30 0 10 20 40 50 Age-adjusted percent Note: Data are for ages 18 years and over, age adjusted to the 2000 standard population. Moderate physical activity is regular leisure-time physical activity (moderate activity 30+ minutes/5+ times a week or vigorous activity 20+ minutes/3+ times a week). I = 95% confidence interval. Source: National Health Interview Survey, NCHS, CDC. Obj. 22-2

  15. Moderate Physical Activity for Adults by Race/Ethnicity 2010 Target American Indian 1999 Asian 2002 Black White Hispanic 30 0 10 20 40 50 Age-adjusted percent Note: Data are for ages 18 years and over, age adjusted to the 2000 standard population. Moderate physical activity is regular leisure-time physical activity (moderate activity 30+ minutes/5+ times a week or vigorous activity 20+ minutes/3+ times a week). American Indian includes Alaska Native. Black and white exclude persons of Hispanic origin. Persons of Hispanic origin may be any race. I = 95% confidence interval. Source: National Health Interview Survey, NCHS, CDC. Obj. 22-2

  16. Moderate Physical Activity for Adults by Disability and Arthritis Status Age-adjusted percent 1997 2002* 2010 Target With Without With Without Disabilities Arthritis Note: Data are for ages 18 years and over, age adjusted to the 2000 standard population. Moderate physical activity is regular leisure-time physical activity (moderate activity 30+ minutes/5+ times a week or vigorous activity 20+ minutes/3+ times a week). I = 95% confidence interval. *Arthritis data are for 2001 due to a change in the 2002 questionnaire. Source: National Health Interview Survey, NCHS, CDC. Obj. 22-2

  17. Total 1997 Female 2002 Male 18-24 years 25-44 years 45-64 years 65-74 years 75 years and over Vigorous Physical Activity for Adults by Sex and Age Age-adjusted percent 2010 Target 2010 Target 30 0 10 20 40 50 Age-adjusted percent Note: Data are for ages 18 years and over, age adjusted to the 2000 standard population. Vigorous physical activity is leisure-time vigorous physical activity 20+ minutes/3+ times a week.I = 95% confidence interval. Source: National Health Interview Survey, NCHS, CDC. Obj. 22-3

  18. YRBSS question for objective 22-7 • On how many of the past 7 days did you exercise or participate in physical activity for at least 20 minutes that made you sweat and breathe hard, such as basketball, soccer, running, swimming laps, fast bicycling, fast dancing, or similar aerobic activities?

  19. Vigorous Physical Activity for Adolescents by Sex and Race/Ethnicity 2010 Target 1999 Total 2001 Female Male Black White Hispanic 0 20 40 60 80 100 Percent Note: Black and white exclude persons of Hispanic origin. Hispanic can be any race. Vigorous physical activity is activity that made students in grades 9-12 sweat or breathe hard for 20+ minutes on 3+ of the past 7 days. I = 95% confidence interval. Source: Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System, NCCDPHP, CDC. Obj. 22-7

  20. Vigorous Physical Activity for Adolescents by Grade Level: 2001 Percent 10th 9th 11th 12th Note: Vigorous physical activity is activity that made students in grades 9-12 sweat or breathe hard for 20+ minutes on 3+ of the past 7 days. I = 95% confidence interval. Source: Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System, NCCDPHP, CDC. Obj. 22-7

  21. NHANES Physical Activity/Fitness Data • Questionnaire includes usual daily activity and leisure time activity for ages 12+ • Examination data include muscle strength/physical function and cardiovascular fitness for healthy persons 12-49 years

  22. Physical Activity Monitor • In field since January 2003 • Automatically records locomotion movement, duration, and intensity over time • About 4000 sample persons 6+ years annually • Worn on a belt for 7 full days • Will be linked to interview and other health component data (body weight, functional status, bone status, etc.)

  23. Take-away Points • Little change in physical activity measures in past decade • Methodology is complex and varies in different surveys • New technologies may offer improved measurement

  24. Progress review data and slides can be found on the web at: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/hphome.htm

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