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26:1 Origins of the Cold War

26:1 Origins of the Cold War. U.S. v. U.S.S.R. Democracy/Capitalism v. Communism Nonaggression Pact Delay in Western Europe Attack Atomic Bomb. United Nations. Founded in 1948 where nations can meet to negotiate peaceful solutions to problems. Harry S. Truman 33 rd President.

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26:1 Origins of the Cold War

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  1. 26:1 Origins of the Cold War

  2. U.S. v. U.S.S.R • Democracy/Capitalism v. Communism • Nonaggression Pact • Delay in Western Europe Attack • Atomic Bomb

  3. United Nations Founded in 1948 where nations can meet to negotiate peaceful solutions to problems.

  4. Harry S. Truman33rd President • FDR April 12, 1945 • Was not kept “up to speed” by FDR • Decisive “The Buck Stops Here!”

  5. Truman v. Stalin over Eastern Europe • Democracy and Free elections in Eastern Europe • Free access to Eastern Europe’s raw materials • Free trade with Eastern Europe • Communist Control of Eastern Europe • Wants to control Eastern Europe and exploit their natural resources for the benefit of the USSR

  6. Potsdam ConferenceBig Three: Stalin, Churchill, Truman • Stalin agrees to free trade and open elections in Eastern Europe…He lied!

  7. Stalin creates Satellite Nations • Buffer zone • Sphere of influence • Raw materials/market for goods

  8. “An Iron Curtain has descended upon Eastern Europe”

  9. Cold War 1945-1991Democracy v. CommunismEurope & Asia

  10. Truman’s Foreign PolicyContainment!

  11. Truman Doctrine-Containment! • Don’t let Greece go Red! • $400 million in aid.

  12. Marshall Plan • Conditions in Europe • 1947 Secretary of State George Marshall • $13 billion to 16 countries • Western Europe and US economies flourished

  13. Marshall Plan

  14. German Reunification • Allies combine western zones • Berlin blockade

  15. Berlin Airlift • Operation Vittles • Stats • Supplies • effects

  16. Federal Republic of GermanyWest Germany German Democratic Republic East Germany

  17. NATONorth Atlantic Treaty Organization • Defensive military alliance • U.S. peacetime military alliance

  18. 26:2 Cold War Heats Up

  19. China • U.S. Chiang Kai-shek/ Nationalists • weaknesses

  20. China • U.S.S.R. Mao Zedong/ Communists • strengths

  21. China’s Civil War • U.S. sent $3 billion-no troops-Containment fails! • 2 Chinas • Nationalist China-Taiwan • People’s Republic of China

  22. South KoreaRepublic of Korea • U.S. occupied south of 38th parallel • Seoul

  23. North KoreaPeople’s Republic of Korea • USSR-north of 38th parallel • Kim Il sung • Pyongyang

  24. Korean War 1950-1953 • June 25, 1950 North invades South • United Nations • Soviet Veto? • General MacArthur-US led UN Coalition

  25. Northern Advances • Cross 38th • Take Seoul • Push to Pusan

  26. MacArthur’s Counterattack • Inchon Landing • Push north from Pusan • Trapped ½ north Korean army • N. Korean army retreats across 38th

  27. UN/US troops advance into North Korea • Cross the 38th?? • Push to the Yalu River

  28. China enters Korean War • 300,000 cross the Yalu • Push UN/US back across the 38th • Seoul • Who is fighting who???

  29. 1951 Stalemate • General Mac Arthur’s plan to end the stalemate-attack China • Blockade • Nukes • Invasion • Implications

  30. MacArthur v. Truman • Limited war in Korea • No war against China • MacArthur undermines Truman’s authority • MacArthur fired • “Old soldiers never die, they just fade away”

  31. Armistice in Korea • 38th parallel • DMZ at the 38th • Costs • 54,000 • $67 billion • Success????

  32. North v. South Korea today South: 48 million 27,700/year 57 TV stations 300,000 internet hosts North: 22 million 1,800/year 4 TV stations 3 internet hosts

  33. United States of America 307 million $47,500 2,218 TV stations 383 million internet hosts

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